# NET

Question:
For ISDN how many 64 Kbps channels are used?

Explanation:
2

ISDN uses two 64 Kbps circuit switched channels for a 128 Kbps connection. There is a third 16 Kbps channel for administration.


Question:
What is the advantage of ISDN over PSTN?

Explanation:
ISDN is faster  

ISDN is faster with bandwidths from 128 Kbps (BRI) to 1.544 Mbps (PRI)
PSTN has a max bandwidth of 56 Kbps but is less expensive that ISDN


Question:
What is the term for the technology connecting the users on an Ethernet to the Internet through a common broadband medium, such as a single DSL line or cable modem such as in the diagram below?

Explanation:
PPPoE

PPP, which was designed for serial communications such as a dial-up connection, has been adapted to Ethernet, and is appropriately called PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE). So why one would want to use PPP over Ethernet anyway? You will have to scroll down to see the explanation.

If we were to compare TCP/IP traffic to street traffic, the TCP/IP protocol would be comparable to city streets. Streets can serve many access points. It is easy to get on and off of a street. Additional access points can be added with little disruption. Many cars are use each street. PPP, on the other hand, is a railway. Travel is between two well defined points. You can't get on and off anywhere. It is easy to count and monitor passengers. You need a ticket to board (authentication). 

To keep this metaphor going, PPPoE is like a streetcar. Without disturbing street traffic, a streetcar bring the advantages of railways.

PPP over Ethernet brings this functionality to ISPs that do not use serial links to connect their users. Serial ISPs already use PPP over modem communications. DSL and cable providers on the other hand use Ethernet, not serial communications. Because of this, many require the added functionality of PPP over Ethernet, which allows them to secure communications through the use of user logins and have the ability to measure the volume of traffic each user generates.


Question:
What must you consider before plugging a modem into a telephone jack?

SelectionA:
Verify that the wall jack is within 15 feet of the modem.

SelectionB:
Verify that the wall jack supports dual lines if a telephone will also be used.

SelectionC:
Verify that the wall connection for the modem line is analog.

SelectionD:
Verify that the cable supports full duplex transmissions.

Explanation:
Verify that the wall connection for the modem line is analog.

A problem for traveling notebook users is that most businesses and hotels utilize digital phone systems that carry additional current that will damage your modem's circuitry. In fact, digital phone lines can supply in excess of 500mA of current, which is enough to destroy a modem.


Question:
What provides data redundancy if both the disk and the controller fail?

Explanation:
RAID 1 (DISK DUPLEXING) 

Disk Duplexing is similar to Disk Mirroring except it employs an additional hard drive controller. This provides protection for both the drive and controller.

Disk Striping only speeds up data access, no data redundancy is provided.
Disk striping with parity uses a minimum of three disks and a RAID controller.


Explanation:
LEVEL ONE

Both Mirroring and Duplexing are RAID Level One


Question:
What type of network storage option does the diagram below represent?

Explanation:
NAS

In a typical Network Attached Storage (NAS) setup, a RAID hard drive server (a server with many redundant hard drives that mirror each other for redundancy) can be used as backup and storage for one or more servers on the network. Another typical NAS application is backing up a big database overnight, either across the data center or to a remote mirror site.

Storage Area Networks (SANs) also may have remote components but there's a key difference between NAS and SANs: SANs always have their own, separate infrastructure, including switches, routers and/or hubs. With NAS, everything runs over the network, which includes any WAN connections.


Question:
Disk mirroring requires a minimum of how many hard drives and hard disk controllers?

SelectionD:
Disk Mirroring is software and works on most any computer


Question:
Windows NT 4 Server can be configured for what categories of RAID?

Explanation:
0, 1, 5

The three levels of RAID that are universally supported by NT Server, NetWare or UNIX are RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5.

RAID 2, 3, and 4 may be available but are not widely supported.


Question:
RAID 5 requires at least ___ disk drives?

Explanation:
3

RAID 5 requires a minimum of 3 drives. If one drive fails the data that was stored on that disk can be reassembled from the parity information on the other two drives.


Question:
Which RAID uses three or more disk drives with the data striped across all drives in the array?

Explanation:
RAID 5

The three commonly used RAID levels are 0, 1 and 5.
RAID level 0 is a simple form of striping that enhances disk access speed but provides no fault tolerance
RAID level 1 - Mirroring uses two drives and one controller
RAID level 1 - Duplexing uses two hard drives and two controllers
RAID level 5 - Striping with parity and requires at least 3 disk drives and is the most popular.


Question:
Which RAID solution is implemented below?

Explanation:
RAID 1 Mirror  

As you can see from the diagram, the controller is a possible point of failure. If the controller is down data from the RAID volumes or disks will not be accessible until the controller is repaired or replaced.


Explanation:
RAID 1 Duplex  

Duplexing is like mirroring in that exactly the same data is stored in two different locations. Unlike mirroring duplexing uses two controllers. This effectively eliminates the RAD controller as the single point of failure.


Question:
A technician has been asked to install a RAID 5 disk array on a customer's server. What is the minimum number of hard drives needed to implement RAID 5?

Explanation:
Three hard drives

RAID 5, which uses a striping with distributed parity technique, requires a minimum of three hard drives. Any less, and the data and parity information would not be properly distributed to allow recovery if one of the drives fails. Having more drives than the minimum increases both your disk capacity and your ability to recover from a failed drive.


Question:
You are required to make sure the company's data is safe in the event of a hardware failure. The optional requirements are that this data should be safe even in the event of fire, flood, etc. and safe from theft or vandalism.Your supervisor tells you to make a weekly full backup of data with daily differential backups. You are to store the tapes on-site in a locked closet that has a heavy steel door. What does this achieve?

SelectionA:
Attains required result and only one optional result.

SelectionC:
Attains required result and both optional results.

Explanation:
Attains required result and only one optional result.

The backup plan will protect the data from hardware failure. The closet will protect from theft and vandalism. However there is nothing to protect from fire or flood.


Question:
Which type of network security is most restrictive?

Explanation:
User level

In user level security the user must be authenticated before gaining access to a resource (a share) such as a file, directory or printer. This is like a safety deposit box in a bank. You must prove your identity and then you and only you can access the resource.

In share level security the resource is given an access password (or token) and anyone who has the password (or token) can access the resource.  This is like a parking ramp that lets anyone in that has a valid magnetic swipe card.


Question:
For the best security policy, how often should you change passwords?

SelectionC:
Only change them when they have been discovered


Question:
A user named  "User One" needs a password. Which would be the most restrictive?

Explanation:
User$1

It is best to mix upper and lower case characters and include symbols to make passwords harder to guess.


Question:
The server has lots of open connections but is not completing them. 
You run "netstat -n -p TCP" and get the results as shown in the exhibit. What is happening?

Explanation:
SNY attack

SYN attack is a denial of service attack where at least one Internet port is blocked from legitimate access.  This id done by sending enough packets to targeted ports to completely block or severely curtail access to these ports.  These packets are legal packets in compliance with TCP/IP protocols, except that they carry faked source addresses.

Packet filtering technology used in firewalls is one way to protect against syn attacks.


Question:
Which two are digital signature technology?

Explanation:
asymmetric encryption
hashing 

There are two basic types of digital technology:
The first is called "asymmetric encryption", which uses public and private keys to encrypt and later return the digital document to its original form. This makes unauthorized people unable to read the contents of the message.

The other uses a "hash function" and may be referred to as simply "hashing". This involves creating a unique numerical value based on the contents of the message that would change significantly if the contents of the message are changed. This technology ensures that the message has not been changed in any way and that the sender is authentic.


Question:
Which two are used with digital signature? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Certificate Authority, Asymmetric Algorithm

There are a number of steps involved in creating Digital signatures.

1.)  The sender creates a unique hash, or a "fingerprint of the document with software which uses an algorithm designed for that purpose. This "hash" is a fairly short digital value, maybe 32 bytes in size, but it is unique to that document. The important thing is that even a slight change in the original document will produce a different hash value when processed by the same algorithm. 

2) This hash is encrypted with asymmetric encryption, using the sender's private key. This is where the "asymmetric algorithm" comes into play. Asymmetric encryption means that both a public and private key are required.  (The private and public keys are issued by Certificate Authorities). The encrypted hash forms the actual "digital signature" for the message. 

3) The sender transmits both the digital signature and the original message to the recipient. (The message, itself can also be encrypted but this isn't necessary for the message to be considered signed). 

4) The recipient uses the sender's public key to decrypt the digital signature into the original hash. Now the recipient can verify that the message has not been altered, if gets the exact same hash when he processes it with software using the same algorithm as the sender.

For this question, Certificate Authority and asymmetric algorithm are the two answers that relate to digital signatures.
I don't know what EncryptAPI is (Sounds like it stands for Encryption Application Programming Interface)
Complete Data Encryption is not a necessary part of a digital signature.


Question:
You want to set up your notebook PC to dial into a host using PPP. Which of the following do you need to supply? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Host phone number 
Username
Password  

The Host phone number, Username and password would be needed.
The NetBIOS name would not be needed nor an IP address, since PPP can configure itself using DHCP.


Question:
What can you implement to increase the security on your network server with the least amount of effort?

Explanation:
User level security

Resource level security is OK for small peer to peer networks, but it becomes an administrative headache for server based networks.In user level security the user must be authenticated before gaining access to a resource (a share) such as a file, directory or printer. This is like a safty deposit box in a bank. You must prove your identity and then you and only you can access the resource.

In share level security the resource is given an access password (or token) and anyone who has the password (or token) can access the resource.  This is like a parking ramp that lets anyone in that has a valid magnetic swipe card.


Question:
Your business is open weekdays from 9am to 5pm. Your boss does not want the network backups to interfere with the network at all during business hours. You have a tape drive that can backup data at a rate of 2.1 GB/hour. Doing a full backup, you have 40 GB of data to backup. On which days can you perform a normal (full) backup. (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Friday, Sunday

If you divide the size of the data to be backed up by 2.1 gigs per hour, you will need 19 hours to do the job. During weekdays, you only have sixteen hours to do the back up.  Therefore, only weekend days will work. However, you can start the backup on Friday after 5:00 p.m.. Even though it will have to go past midnight, it will finish without interfering with network activities during normal business hours.


Question:
Which three would cause the archive attribute to change?

Explanation:
Full, Incremental and User file modification

Full backup resets the archive bit to indicate the file is backed up
Incremental backup also  resets the archive bit.
When users modify and save a file, the archive bit will be set. This indicates it has not been backed up.
Differential backups do not reset the archive bit.


Question:
Which two tape back up schemes should you choose if you want to be able to restore all your data with a maximum of only two tapes? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Full
Differential

When using differential backups you need two tapes to restore a server. The last full backup and the last differential backup. 
Incremental backups require up to seven tapes for a full restore. One for each backup since the full backup and the full backup.


Question:
Which backup methods clear the archive attribute?


Question:
What are two dangers to network security? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Rogue employees
Dial-in connections

Unhappy or dishonest employees are certainly a danger to network security. Also dial in connections could provide a means for unauthorized data access or hacking.

Event auditing and disabling user accounts can be used to protect network security.


Question:
Which of the following would ensure data security across a WAN?

Explanation:
Encrypt data before transmission

Encrypting changes the data into unreadable cypertext, which requires a key to be converted back to legible format. Encrypting data provides the best security across a connection.
Digital Signatures are for ensuring the data has not changed and that it is authentic. That is different from encrypting data.


Question:
Which of the following statements are true?

SelectionA:
User level security has centralized management.

SelectionB:
Share level security is more restrictive than user level security.

SelectionC:
Share level security requires more expensive hardware.

SelectionD:
Share level security is used only with Windows NT Server.

Explanation:
User level security has centralized management.  

Share level security is in fact LESS restrictive than User level.
Share level security can be implemented on Windows 9x workstations
which are generally less expensive than servers running NT Server


Question:
Which are true about user and share level security?

SelectionA:
For server based networks (large networks), user level security requires less administrative effort.

SelectionB:
Share level security is usually used in peer to peer networks.

SelectionC:
Resources under share level security are centrally controlled.

SelectionD:
Individual permissions may be set up with user level security.

Explanation:
For server based networks (large networks), user level security requires less administrative effort.
Share level security is usually used in peer to peer networks.
Individual permissions may be set up with user level security.

User level security is normally used in server based networks. User level security allows the administrator to assign the user rights based on a user ID. With user level security, the administrator can assign individual permissions to users.
Share level security is better suited to small peer to peer networks and is limited to making specific resources available to others on the network, but not on an individual user basis.


Question:
Which are good practices for a secure policy? (Choose two.)

SelectionB:
Apply a minimum number of characters policy.

Explanation:
Change password every three months.
Apply minimum number of characters policy

Passwords should be changed regularly. 
They should contain  a minimum number of characters. Four or less is too easy for cracking programs to break.
Combining symbols with alphabet and number characters make them  harder to guess. ..."User$one"
They should be easy for the user to remember, otherwise they will write them down and place them somewhere that's easy to remember. Like under the keyboard.


Question:
What technology does Windows 2000 Server use for security/authentication/encryption?

Explanation:
Kerberos

A Windows 2000 environment uses Kerberos as the underlying authentication mechanism. Kerberos uses DES (Data Encryption Standard) which is a symmetric key encryption process. This means that the same key is used for both encryption and decryption.


Explanation:
Stateful Packet-Filters
Application Proxies

There are two basic type of firewalls: SPF (stateful packet-filter) firewalls and application proxy firewalls. SPF devices, examine packets up to Layer 4 (Tranport). These examine source and destination network address, type of service, protocol and type of frame. SPF firewalls tend to perform better because they do less processing. 

Application proxy firewalls examine the entire packet up to the application layer and give administrators more control over the type of traffic passing to internal servers. Application proxies generally are slower than SPF firewalls because they perform more processing.


Question:
A VLAN is a logical grouping of network users and resources connected to administratively defined ports on a switch. What might be some advantages to this? (Choose two.)

SelectionD:
Extension of the maximum permissible cable lengths

Explanation:
Broadcast Control
Increased security

The most effective way of segmenting a network is through switching and routing. Broadcasts are filtered from all ports on a switch that are not members of the same VLAN. By using VLANs and creating multiple broadcast groups, you have control over each port and user. Users can no longer just plug their workstations into any switch port and have access to network resources. You control each port and whatever resources it is allowed to use.

LAN segmentation is an advanced topic not to be studied too thoroughly for Network+, but the new objectives include "Identify the main characteristics of VLANs"


Question:
You decide to have your Web server enforce HTTPS. The server is no longer accessible from the Internet but is accessible internally. Why?

Explanation:
Internet router is blocking port 443.

Port 443 is the well-known port number used by HTTPS. If it is blocked from the an Internet router it will be inaccessible from the other side of that router.


Question:
What encryption is used for Windows 2000 server security?

Explanation:
IPSec

The question asks us about encryption so IPSec is correct. IPSec defines protocols for network encryption at the IP Protocol layer.  L2TP is a tunneling protocol which by itself provides no encryption and SSL has more to do with authentication and certificates. Kerberos has also to do with authentication (although it uses encrypted passwords to do so.) The best answer is IPSec.


Question:
You want to enable WINS resolution on a Windows 98 machine. You start by right clicking network neighborhood, choose properties, click TCP/IP and click properties. What do you do next?

SelectionA:
click WINS configuration, select enable WINS resolution

SelectionC:
click DNS configuration, select enable WINS resolution

Explanation:
click WINS configuration, select enable WINS resolution


Question:
What do firewalls check to accomplish packet filtering? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Source of the packet, Port number, Destination of the packet

A firewall is any combination of hardware or software that filters potentially dangerous packets from entering the network. To determine what to do with the packet, the firewall compares each packet that it forwards against a specific set of rules. 

Each data packet has a header, which contains information identifying the type of the packet, its originating host, and its intended destination. When a firewall gateway that is configured for packet filtering receives a packet, it may check any of the following:

1- The interface through which the packet arrived (i.e. Ethernet card and PPP modem connection) 
2- The originating host 
3- The destination host 
4- The packet's type (for example, TCP and UDP) 
5- The originating/destination port number (for TCP and UDP packets)


Question:
Your class C LAN started with only 45 users. Now the LAN has grown to support 275 users. All need access to the Internet. How can you provide Internet connection to all users? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Implement NAT
Apply for more IP addresses

Your class C network can only support up to 254 hosts. You could attempt to upgrade to a class B network and be able to support over 65,000 hosts. But that is not one of the options. Plus it would be an overkill. 

The logical choices would be to install a NAT which is similar to a proxy server, or apply for additional IP addresses.

A Class D network is not an option.


Question:
You administer a network with many computers. You want to connect your network to the Internet with each workstation being able to browse the web. But you want one, and only one IP address to be seen on the Internet. What would you use to accomplish this?  (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Proxy server   
IP Proxy  

A Proxy server and an IP Proxy are the same thing.
A router would not isolate IP addresses.
An HTTP Proxy is used to cache web pages.


SelectionA:
Enable DHCP (Obtain an IP address automatically)

Explanation:
Enable DHCP (Obtain an IP address automatically)

IP is dynamic if you have DHCP enabled and static if you specify IP addresses. 
Enabling WINS and user level security are unrelated to whether IP is static or dynamic.


Question:
You have a group of employees using the same web page. They have T1 connection and proxy server. How can you speed up the performance?

Explanation:
HTTP proxy

An HTTP proxy stores frequently accessed web pages locally for quicker access. When you use your browser WITH a proxy, your PC does not contact the originating remote site.  Instead, it sends your request to the local proxy server, which first checks to see if it already has a copy of the page.  If so, it will send you that copy.  Otherwise, it will retrieve the page on=ver the Internet. 

IP Proxy  is another term for proxy server. This is where one server provides Internet access to multiple users on the LAN, but only one IP address is used to connect to the Internet.

Other types of proxy servers are FTP for file transfers and SMTP for email.


Question:
NAT (Network Address Translation) provides a service similar to which device?

Explanation:
Proxy Server

NAT (Network Address Translation) or a proxy server will allow you to share an Internet IP address between multiple machines. This allows anyone on your internal LAN to access the Internet with one IP address This also provides limited security. If your gateway device is using NAT or a proxy, the gateway itself, is no more secure than it would be if those services were not running. It does, however, make the network behind somewhat harder to get to or attack, but even that is not always enough.

To some extent, NAT and proxy servers both act as firewalls, but only for the machines behind the NAT or proxy server. The gateway machine running the NAT/Proxy is still vulnerable.


Question:
You have been given the task of implementing an IP connection for your company. The network has 270 clients.  A former employee began this project. The former employee already received a Class C address from the InterNIC. You must meet the folowing requirements:
- All users must be able to connect to  the Internet.
- All users must be able to connect at the same time.
Which two solutions would provide IP connectivity? (Choose two.)

SelectionB:
Apply for additional Class C address space

Explanation:
Install a NAT firewall
Apply for additional Class C address space 

We can rule out switching to IPX. The Internet requires TCP/IP.
We can also rule out NetBIOS. It does not support IP addresses.
A firewall with NAT would work because NAT can map thousands of internal IP addresses to a single external IP address.
Applying for additional Class C address space would work. They would need a total of 270 IP addresses, but the question doesn't specify how many, so additional Class C space should work.


Question:
Novell NetWare 4.0 uses a distributed database for a directory service. What is this directory service called?


SelectionA:
Static Routing requires more administrative overhead than Dynamic Routing.

SelectionB:
Dynamic Routing requires the administrator to define each network path.

SelectionC:
RIP is used by Static routing to find the best path.

SelectionD:
Static Routing is the norm and Dynamic Routing is the exception.

Explanation:
Static Routing requires more administrative overhead than Dynamic Routing   

Static Routing requires the administrator to manually enter the routing information.
Dynamic routing is what most computers are configured and requires little administrative involvement.


Question:
Which type of IP Routing incorporates RIP?

Explanation:
DYNAMIC

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) and OSPF (open Shortest Path First) are dynamic routing protocols.


Question:
Which of these routing methods needs the most administrative upkeep?

Explanation:
Static

With static routing, the administrator has to manually update the routing table with the latest changes. Dynamic routing requires less administrative effort that static routing.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is used with dynamic routing to help find the best path.
Circular routing is a condition where one router sends the packet to another and that router sends it back to the one it just received it from. When this cycle repeats itself, the packet gets lost.
Tracert can help identify where the circular routing cycle starts and identify the routers involved.


Question:
What are the devices A and B in the exhibit?

Explanation:
MAUs

This is a Token Ring network wired as "Star Wired Rings". The MAUs are connected with the Ring Out of the one to the Ring In of the other. The cables connecting the MAUs to the workstations appear to be only a single cable, but they have at least two sets of wires inside the insulation. In some cases, you may see Token Rings drawn with double lines to each workstation to illustrate the In/Out conductors.


Question:
What method of transporting data with a switch is fastest?

Explanation:
Cut-through
 
The two basic methods used by switches are cut through and store and forward. 
Cut through is the fastest, because it "cuts" into the data packets to read the source and destination of the packet and immediately sends the packets to their appropriate destination. 
Store and forward waits until the switch has the entire data frame before sending it on so it can do error checking.


Question:
Which device would you use to connect two Ethernet LANs together, one using TCP/IP and one using NetBEUI?

Explanation:
Gateway

This question may tempt you to answer Brouter because TCP/IP is routable and NetBEUI is not routable. It's true that a Brouter could pass both protocols, but neither of the LANs could read the packets sent from the other LAN. TCP/IP hosts could not read NetBEUI packets from the NetBEUI LAN and vice-versa. If both LANs were using both protocols, a Brouter would work.
To connect two LANs using different protocols, you need to use a gateway.
Note: the term "gateway" has two different meanings in networking. "Default Gateway" refers to the router that connects the LAN to outside LANs or a WAN. A "Protocol Gateway" translates data between different protocols. Protocol gateways function at the higher levels of the protocol stack, up to and including the Application Layer.


Question:
Which of the following are true of a WAN? (Choose four.)

SelectionB:
WANs can be connected permanently or on demand.

SelectionD:
WANs can use either full or half-duplex communications.

Explanation:
WANs cover great distances.
WANs can be connected permanently or on demand.
NetBEUI cannot be used.
WANs can use either full or half-duplex communications.

Since WANs consist of two or more LANs connected together, (often over great distances),  routable protocols are a must. This leaves out NetBEUI, which is not routable. There are many WAN technologies, including X.25, POTS, Frame Relay, ATM, and others. WANs may use either permanent dedicated lines or bandwidth on demand. Fiber optic cable is not a requirement for a WAN.


Explanation:
Destination Address 

The Destination Address of an IP packet header contains the IP address of the final destination of the packet.


Question:
Which type of bridging is used with Token Ring?

Explanation:
Source route

Token Ring networks use a protocol called Source Route Bridging. With Source Route Bridging, the devices contain the routing table instead of the bridge itself.


Question:
What bridging method should be used with the network in the diagram?

Explanation:
Transparent

Transparent bridging is used for bridging segments in an Ethernet network when only one bridge is used. 
 When using redundant bridges, there is a possibility of a bridge looping problem. Bridge Looping can be overcome by using the Spanning Tree Protocol.


Explanation:
Spanning Tree

When using redundant bridges, there is a possibility of a bridge looping problem. Bridge Looping can be overcome by using the Spanning Tree Protocol. 
Transparent bridging is used for bridging segments in an Ethernet network when only one bridge is used.


Question:
Which must you edit to add NetBIOS name to IP address resolution?

Explanation:
LMHOSTS

LMHOSTS is used to map NetBIOS names to IP addresses.
HOSTS is used to map UNIX computer names to IP addresses.


Question:
Which of the following network operating systems uses partitions as part of its directory services?  (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Novell 4.x
Windows 2000 

Novell 4.x uses NDS partitions as part of its Novell Directory Services (NDS).  Microsoft Windows Active Directory services also uses partitions to replicate directory services to domain controllers.

Both Active Directory and NDS are distributed databases, based on the x.500 standard, that stores information about the hardware and software resources available and provides an efficient method of network administration. A server participating in Active Directory holds at least three directory partitions: 
- The schema 
- The configuration (replication topology)
- Directory partitions (subtrees containing the objects in the directory)


Question:
Of the following, which parameters can you configure on a workstation? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
WINS server
DNS server
Default gateway

You can enable DHCP, but you don't enter the address of the DHCP server. When DHCP is enabled, addresses are automatically assigned by the DHCP server. If DHCP is not enabled you would also specify a static IP address.


Question:
Your Windows NT network uses only TCP/IP. Of the following configuration options, which would you normally set on your workstation?  (Choose four.)

Explanation:
IP address, Default gateway, WINS server, DNS Server

There is no need to enter an address for the DHCP server. If DHCP is used, the workstation will automatically find the DHCP server and obtain an IP address.
Frame type is important, but is not part of a typical TCP/IP configuration. Frame type relates to the type of Ethernet your network is using. Frame type depends on if you use Novell NetWare, AppleTalk, or TCP/IP.


Explanation:
Domain name
Host name
IP address of the DNS server


Question:
You want to manually configure the IP address for your NIC. You open Control Panel and double click Network. What other steps do you take?

SelectionA:
Highlight TCP/IP for your NIC > Properties > IP Address tab > Specify an IP address > type in the IP address

SelectionB:
Highlight "TCP/IP -> Dial Up" > Properties > IP Address tab > Specify an IP address > type in the IP address

SelectionC:
Click Properties > IP Address tab > Specify an IP address > type in the IP address

SelectionD:
Highlight TCP/IP for your NIC > Properties > IP Address tab > Obtain an IP address automatically > type in the IP address

Explanation:
Highlight TCP/IP for your NIC > Properties > IP Address tab > Specify an IP address > type in the IP address 

You may also see "TCP/IP for the Dialup Adapter". This will not apply to the NIC.
Choosing "Obtain an IP address automatically" is for when you want to use DHCP


Question:
You cannot access the server from a new client computer that uses NWLink. You are sure all the hardware is functioning properly. What is a likely cause of this problem?

Explanation:
The Frame Type is incorrect

NWLink IPX is Microsoft's implementation of IPX/SPX. Like Novell NetWare's IPX/SPX, the frame types must be set correctly. 
Ethernet 802.3 frame type is used for NetWare 2.2 and 3.x
Ethernet 802.2 frame type is used for NetWare 3.12 and 4x networks.
"Wait" you say, "the numbers are backwards!" No, they are correct. 802.2 is the Logical Control specification and is required for NetWare 4x and later versions of 3.x

Too many collisions may make the network slow but it's not likely to completely prevent you from connecting.

IP address and Subnet mask are TCP/IP settings and are not related to IPX/SPX.


Question:
You want to specify a static IP address using the workstation display. What do you do?

SelectionA:
Click the IP Address tab / click specify IP address / enter IP address

SelectionB:
Click obtain an IP address automatically

Explanation:
Click the IP Address tab / click specify IP address / enter IP address  

For a static IP address, you click Specify an IP Address. 
For a dynamic IP address, you click "Obtain an IP Address Automatically", that means you are selecting DHCP .


Question:
Your network uses a NetWare server. You have several Windows workstations and a couple of Unix workstations. Which client can you install on the Windows workstations that will allow them to connect to the NetWare server?

Explanation:
Microsoft Client for Novell NetWare
Novell Client Services for NetWare

A "client" is a software driver that handles the communication between the workstation and servers.
When Microsoft released Windows 95 in 1995, both Microsoft and Novell released new 32-bit clients for Windows 95 to use for accessing Novell servers. Microsoft also released a 32-bit client for Windows 95 to use when accessing NT servers or sharing files with other Windows workstations. These three clients are named as follows:
- Client for Microsoft Networks (from Microsoft - connects Windows machines to NT servers)
- Client for NetWare Networks (from Microsoft - connects Windows machines to NetWare servers)
- Novell Client Services for NetWare (from Novell - connects Windows machines to NetWare servers)

Gateway Services for NetWare is installed on a Windows NT/2000 server and not on individual workstations.


Question:
Your Windows 2000 network must connect to several NetWare file and print servers. What would you install on your Windows 2000 servers to make this possible?

Explanation:
Gateway Services for NetWare 

Gateway Services for NetWare (GSNW) is installed on Windows 2000 or NT servers. GSNW chief advantage is that you can avoid having to install Client Services for NetWare (CSNW) on every NT workstation needing access to NetWare file and print services. GSNW uses a single NetWare license while CSNW uses a license for each workstation it is installed on.


Question:
You configure your TCP/IP to connect WINS. What configuration on your PC is required? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Primary WINS server address
Enable WINS Resolution

Enable WINS Resolution must be checked and you must provide the IP address of the Primary WINS server.
The Scope ID may be entered but it is not required.
A Secondary WINS is not required.


Question:
You want to send a message to a friend at rick@network.au. Your address is jim@usa.com. What is the order that your domain names are resolved?

Explanation:
usa.com > com > au > network.au 

Name resolution starts at the senders domain - "usa.com".  From there just follow its path up to the top level domain "com". Then follow it over to the top level domain "au" and down to the "network.au" domain.


SelectionA:
Resolves NetBIOS computer names to IP addresses

SelectionB:
Resolves UNIX host names to IP addresses

Explanation:
Resolves NetBIOS computer names to IP addresses

DNS resolves UNIX host names to IP addresses.
ARP resolves MAC addresses to IP addresses.


Question:
What are three things that you need to set up a DNS server on your computer in a Windows NT domain?

Explanation:
DNS IP Address
Windows NT domain  
Host name

You can define more than one DNS Server IP address, which is recommended for fault tolerance if you have one available.
WinNT Domain is the network domain you log into.
Host name is normally the PC name.


Question:
What resolves NetBIOS names to IP-Addresses?

Explanation:
WINS (Windows Internet Name Server)

The key here is "NetBIOS" names.


Question:
What protocol does a UNIX server use to resolve names?


Question:
What file can be edited on a Windows NT 4.0 Server to help resolve the name www.microsoft.org to an IP address?


Question:
UNIX uses what to resolve machine names to IP addresses?

Explanation:
DNS

Unix uses DNS (Domain Name Service) to resolve machine names to IP addresses.
WINS and LMHOSTS are used with Microsoft networks.
PING has nothing to do with name resolution.


Question:
Which cross platform name resolution method do all operating systems having TCP/IP stacks support  ?


Explanation:
LMHOSTS

LMHOSTS is used to map NetBIOS names to IP addresses.
HOSTS is used to map UNIX computer names to IP addresses


Question:
What is the first character in a hosts file entry?

Explanation:
#

This is a confusing question as an entry in a hosts file starts with an IP address. With this question, the only character you would even see in a hosts file is the "#".

The "#" is the first character in the "comment" section of a hosts file entry.


Question:
A file that resides locally on a host and contains host names and their IP addresses is named ________.

Explanation:
HOSTS

HOSTS is the name of the file that is used for mapping IP addresses to their UNIX host names.
LMHOSTS is for NetBIOS names to IP addresses.


Question:
Which of the following are most similar?

Explanation:
NDS and Active Directory

NDS (Novell Directory Services) and Active Directory (new to Windows 2000) are distributed databases of resources that are published to the network users. This makes administration much easier because it is all done from a central point. To the user it almost seems as though the resources are local.

NCP (NetWare Control Protocol) is an important protocol in the IPX/SPX protocol stack and is used to send data. 

DNS (Domain Naming Service) is the technology which resolves or translates user friedly Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDN) into an IP address.


Question:
You add two computers to your network and set both MAC addresses to the same setting, both IRQs to 5 and both I/O Addresses to 300. You cannot get the computers to connect to the network. What is the solution?

SelectionA:
Set the MAC addresses to their default settings.

Explanation:
Set the MAC addresses to their default settings.  

MAC or "Hardware" addresses must be unique on the network. NICs are programmed with unique MAC addresses and you normally should leave them at the default.  Having both set to the same value would be like having two hosts with identical IP addresses.

As long as there are no conflicts, you may set the IRQ and I/O to the same on each PC.


Question:
After you have configured RAID and installed a new virus suite in your network. There are sporadic system crashes throughout your network. What do you suggest?

SelectionA:
Check for system patches or service packs for the virus suite.

SelectionB:
Apply the newest virus signature file from the vendor.

Explanation:
Check for system patches or service packs for the virus suite.

The latest signature file will help protect from the latest viruses but not from software conflicts.
Removing RAID and/or the Virus suite is a last resort. First you should check for system patches or service packs.


Question:
You cannot get the tape drive to work. The error message says the tape drive is not available.  You try a new cartridge but it still won't work. What do you do?

Explanation:
Use a tape cleaner

Always do the easy things first.


Question:
Your entire network is bogged down. You and your assistant have checked all connections and you are convinced there are no conflicts. What can you use to help you narrow down the problem?

Explanation:
Network Monitor 

Network Monitor can help identify the source of excessive network activity and after you know the source, you can implement a solution.
Netstat is used to display protocol statistics and current connections but it probably wouldn't help with this problem.
Tracert can help identify a problem to a specific server or router but here the problem isn't limited to a specific computer, it's the entire network.
A loopback connector is for troubleshooting a specific NIC, not the whole network.


Question:
After replacing the NIC in a workstation it cannot connect to the network. You have verified that there are no resource conflicts. You are confident your trusted assistant configured and installed it correctly, but it still will not connect. What do you do next?

SelectionA:
Test the NIC with troubleshooting software.

Explanation:
Test the NIC with troubleshooting software.

At this point, you don't know for sure that the new NIC is good so you need to verify that it at least passes diagnostics first. Never get into the habit of assuming new components are not the problem. New parts can be and often are defective.


Question:
All workstations in one room work fine during the day, but at night when the lights are on users have trouble accessing the network. What is the problem?

SelectionC:
The employee's password expires during evening hours.

SelectionD:
The voltage drops when the lights are on.

Explanation:
The cable is installed incorrectly.

It is likely the cable is routed too close to the fluorescent light and is picking up Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), also called electrical noise, from the ballast. Consider the effects of heat on electrical signals, EMI from power lines or unshielded power cables as well as TV and radio interference. Common sources of EMI is fluorescent lights, elevator motors, large generators, and refrigerator magnets.

If the NIC had failed, you couldn't cause the problem to come and go by turning the lights on and off.
The employee's password would certainly work with the lights off!
The voltage drops could be an explanation but not as good as EMI from the lamp ballast.


Question:
Your network users download several files from the Internet daily. What should you install to protect the network?

Explanation:
A Network virus protection suite 

The key here is downloading files. This is how viruses are picked up. A Network virus protection suite is the preferred method.


Question:
After changing your DHCP configuration on a Windows NT 4.0 Workstation, what command will display the new configuration?

Explanation:
Ipconfig /all

NT 4 uses Ipconfig to view the IP configuration, but would not show the DHCP server. Ipconfig /all displays the complete configuration. Winipcfg is only for Windows 9x systems.


Explanation:
Ipconfig

Ipconfig is used for displaying IP configuration in Window NT 4 and Winipcfg is for Win 9x.


Question:
A workstation cannot connect to the server. You are convinced it is not the software. Your cable tester shows one cable to be 90 meters from the wall jack to the patch panel. The workstation is connected to the wall jack with a 10-meter patch cable. Finally, there is a 3 meter patch from the panel to the hub. 
Required Result: Get the workstation to connect to the server.
Optional Results: Increase overall network performance and decrease network downtime.
Proposed Solution: Replace 10 Meter patch with 5 Meter cable.

SelectionA:
The proposed solution produces the required result and only one of the optional results.

SelectionB:
The proposed solution produces the required result and both optional results.

SelectionC:
The proposed solution produces only the required result.

SelectionD:
The proposed solution does not produce the required result.

Explanation:
The proposed solution produces the required result and only one of the optional results.

The total length of the cables is over 100 meters. Your solution will bring the total below 100 which solves the problem with not being able to connect. It should also improve network reliability, but it will have no effect on increasing network overall performance.


Question:
An employee calls you and complains that he cannot connect to the Internet. You tried to connect from his workstation using his account and password and had no trouble connecting. The employee continues to have problems connecting to the Internet. What's wrong?

Explanation:
He is trying to connect incorrectly .  

Use the process of elimination. Since you could connect from his workstation you have verified the other items are in working order.


Question:
Printing services will not load on one of your servers after a recent upgrade. What should you check to help pinpoint the problem?

Explanation:
Server log files 

Server logs keep track of data that may be useful in troubleshooting printer driver problems.

Neither Network Monitor nor a Protocol Analyzer would be used to troubleshoot printer or printer driver problems.
Server peripheral logs is a bogus answer.


Question:
The network is running extremely slow. You suspect a NIC in one of the workstations is generating a continuous transmission. Which troubleshooting tool would help isolate the defective NIC?

Explanation:
Protocol Analyzer  

A Protocol Analyzer would be the best choice for finding the source of garbage broadcasts.
A VOM is used to check voltage and cables for continuity.
A TDR is used to find breaks in a cable. It won't help troubleshoot a NIC.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is not a tool in and of itself, even though it has a part in network monitoring.


Question:
Your workstation has a Modem on COM1, a Mouse on COM2 and a printer on  LPT1 and a scanner on LPT2. Why cannot you use IRQ5 for your NIC?

Explanation:
Conflict with the scanner 

COM 1 uses IRQ4
COM 2 uses IRQ3
LPT1 uses IRQ7
LPT2 uses IRQ5


Question:
A newly installed sound card works properly except during printing. What could be the problem?

SelectionB:
There is an IRQ conflict between the printer and sound card.

Explanation:
There is an IRQ conflict between the printer and sound card.


Question:
You install a new NIC in a workstation and it will not connect to the network. There are no resource conflicts and everything is configured correctly.  What should you do?

SelectionA:
Test the NIC with a hardware loopback connector

Explanation:
Test the NIC with a hardware loopback connector  

At this point, you don't know for sure that the new NIC is good so you need to verify that it at least passes diagnostics first. Never get into the habit of assuming new components are not the problem. New parts can be and often are defective.


Question:
What should you do if a user cannot log onto a server? (Choose three.)

SelectionA:
Get someone else on the same segment to try and connect to the server.

SelectionB:
Get someone on a remote segment to try and connect to the server.

Explanation:
Attempt to ping the server.
Get someone else on the same segment to try and connect to the server.
Get someone on a remote segment to try and connect to the server.


Try to reproduce and isolate the problem before replacing hardware.


Question:
A workstation was working fine but now suddenly cannot connect to the server. All other computers on the network can connect. What do you check first?

Explanation:
Loose Network cable 

Any of the choices could certainly cause the problem, but the key here is that it was working fine. Since you have no reason to believe anything was changed, a loose cable connection is the best place to start.


Question:
A co-worker cannot print to the network printer. His group has the correct permissions to print. Other users of the same group have no trouble printing to the same printer. What could the problem be?

Explanation:
His user access permissions are wrong.

Since other users can use the printer, and we are told he has the correct permissions to print, that eliminates the cable, domain settings and access authorization. The problem must be confined to settings specific to the individual user.


Question:
Your have a workstation 103 meters from the server. You are using a passive hub and it is using 10baseT wiring. The workstation will not connect. 

Required objectives: Connect to the server.
Optional Objectives: Faster connection, fewer collisions. 

Proposed solution: replace the NIC with a 100baseFX NIC .

SelectionA:
This does not meet the required or optional objectives.

SelectionB:
This meets the required and both optional objectives.

SelectionC:
This meets only the required objective and neither of the optional.

Explanation:
This does not meet the required or optional objectives.

You cannot use a Fiber Optic NIC with 10BaseT wiring.


Question:
Computers are rebooting intermittently. The room is cold so people have started using space heaters. You suspect the space heaters are causing the problem. What problem would the space heaters cause?

Explanation:
Voltage drop

Space heaters draw a lot of current. It is very likely the voltage could drop enough to cause intermittent problems when their thermostats switch on and off.


Question:
Your network of 80 computers is completely bogged down.  All connections are OK  and you can find no conflicts.  What troubleshooting tool would you use to find the problem?

Explanation:
Network Monitor

Network Monitor is the only answer that applies here. The Network Monitor (SNMP Agent) must be installed before Performance Monitor can track per segment usage.
Loopback connectors are used along with NIC troubleshooting software to verify the NIC is working properly.
NBTStat displays a list of NetBIOS computer names.
Netstat displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections.


Question:
After installing a NIC on a workstation, the workstation can no longer communicate with the hub. What could be the problem? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
DMA
IRQ

Installing a NIC would have no effect on TCP/IP settings or Frame types. However, an IRQ or DMA conflict is always a good suspect. The important point here is that IRQ and DMA  conflicts should be at the top of the list to check when a new card doesn't work.


Question:
You have replaced a NIC in a workstation connected to a token ring network. The workstation cannot connect to the server. What is the problem?

Explanation:
The NIC is set for the wrong speed.

The NIC speed must match the rest of the network. In Token Ring, that could be 4 Mbps or 16 Mbps.


Question:
What utility should be used to capture and decode TCP/IP packets?


Question:
Which indicator is best to determine whether or not a server is responding to client requests?

SelectionB:
Response time measured with a protocol analyzer.


Question:
Your customer has called you because none of the workstations on their network can access the Internet. Tech support has been able to ping the router, but cannot telnet into it. The routers ICMP port 0 is not open. Which two of the following might help the problem? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
restart the router
replace patch cord c

Since tech support can ping the router, we know cable A, the cable modem, and cable B are OK.
Even though tech support can ping the router, that does not mean the router is working properly, especially since they cannot telnet into it. So restarting the router is a possible solution. The fact that the router's ICMP port 0 is irrelevant. 
A defective patch cord C is also possible, so replacing it is another possible solution.


Question:
You take over as a help desk administrator and one of the workstations running Windows 2000 Professional cannot connect to a remote network. You suspect it has the wrong default gateway setup. What utility do you use to check it?

Explanation:
Ipconfig /all

Ipconfig /all displays the configuration settings for a Windows NT and 2000 host including gateway MAC address and subnet mask.

Some IPconfig options are:
/renew - Renews the DHCP lease 
/release - Releases the DHCP lease and the IP address is available for other clients.  
/all displays more configuration information. 

Note! - ipconfig /all  will display an IP address of 0.0.0.0 and DHCP address of 255.255.255.255 if the DHCP attempt was unsuccessful.


Question:
You install a new NIC on a workstation on a network using DHCP for automatic configuration. You cannot connect to the server. You change patch cables but it is still not working. What do you do next?

Explanation:
reinstall NIC driver

The workstation would have rebooted when you turned the power back on. Nothing was changed in the Router or Server, so no need to reboot them. The MAC address is burned into the chip on the card by the manufacturer, and would rarely need to be changed. Since you are using DHCP, you don't need to enter IP address or subnet mask. However the correct driver for the new NIC does need to be installed.


Question:
You cannot connect to the server. What is the first troubleshooting action?

SelectionA:
Have another user on the same subnet try and connect.

Explanation:
Have another user on the same subnet try and connect.

The first step in troubleshooting is to try and isolate the problem to as few suspects as possible. If another user on your subnet can connect, that tells you it is not the server and you can focus on trying to eliminate other items. Each time you verify a suspected component is NOT the problem, that puts you closer to what IS the problem.


Question:
A user calls and complains that he cannot log on the Intranet site. You try logging on with his user name a password and you're successful. What is the problem?


Question:
Jeri could connect to the server this morning, but now cannot connect after lunch. What do you do first?

Explanation:
Check for error messages.

An error message could point you directly to the problem, which would be the first place to start. Since she could connect this morning, and you have no reason to think the IRQ, DMA and IP settings have changed, you should make the simpler checks first. This would include error messages and trying to connect from another workstation. Rebooting the server and disconnecting other hosts from the hub would disrupt too many other users and should be a last resort.


Question:
A user cannot access the server which is in a room across the hall. There are no other workstations nearby. What is the first step you should take to identify the problem?

SelectionB:
Try to connect from another workstation.

Explanation:
Look to see if the server is down.

Since the server is right across the hall, the quickest check, among the choices given, would be to check the server. You would also want to personally attempt connect at the user's workstation to see if the user is doing it properly.


Question:
Several users cannot log on to the server. What would you do first to see if it is the server, network or workstations?

SelectionA:
Check the server for active connections.

SelectionC:
Check the patch cables on the workstations.

Explanation:
Check server for active connections.

Since several workstations cannot connect, it is very unlikely the workstations or their cables are the culprit. Of the answers given, checking the server for active connections makes the most sense. It could be under a SYN flood or simply overloaded.


Question:
You place a new NIC in a workstation. You cannot connect to the network. There are no resource conflicts. Everything is configured and installed correctly, yet you still cannot connect. What do you do?

SelectionA:
Use a hardware loopback on the workstation.

Explanation:
Use a hardware loopback on the workstation.

The first thing to do is verify the new NIC is working. A loopback connector and the proper software will allow you to do this. Since the NIC is on a workstation, you would attach the loopback tool the that workstation. The software will send a signal to the loopback connector and it will "loop" it back to the NIC's input circuitry. The software will monitor the NIC's input circuitry for the looped back signal.


Question:
A user cannot access the application server, which is in a closet down the hall. What is the first step you should take to identify the problem?

SelectionA:
See if a nearby user can access the server on their  workstation.

Explanation:
See if a nearby user can access the server on their workstation.

It's best to take the easiest and least timing consuming steps first. In this case, the server is not readily accessible and it would be quicker to try to connect on another workstation. 
If you can connect from another workstation, you would focus on the user and workstation that cannot connect. 
In real life, you, yourself, should try to connect from the suspected workstation to be sure the user is trying to connect properly. But that is not one of the choices.


Question:
Your network utilization suddenly rises and stays high. What should you do first to solve the problem?

Explanation:
The first step is to isolate the network segment that contains the source of the problem.

You actually took the first "official" CompTIA first step when you identified the symptom of high network utilization. You should also know the CompTIA strategy for troubleshooting network problems. This is based on common sense and should not be difficult to remember.
1) Establish the symptoms. 
2) Identify the affected area. 
3) Establish what has changed. 
4) Select the most probable cause. 
5) Implement a solution. 
6) Test the result. 
7) Recognize the potential effects of the solution. 
8) Document the solution.


Question:
Network utilization spikes and stays high.  What is first troubleshooting step?

Explanation:
Isolate the faulty NIC.  

We have to isolate the chattering NIC. But first we have to know which segment it is on and then which machine it is installed on. If we have a multiple segments look at the big picture first and then like a detective narrow it down.  Faulty segment, node then NIC. 

You cannot verify the problem resolution if you have neither found nor solved the problem.


Question:
Which of the following are Unix/Linux file attributes? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Read
Write
Execute

Modify refers to Microsoft Windows NTFS permissions and only apply to volumes formatted in the NTFS file system.


Question:
What is the loopback IP address in IPv6?

Explanation:
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1

This is best described in the RFC1884.
"The unicast address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 is called the loopback address.  It may be used by a node to send an IPv6 datagram to itself.  It may never be assigned to any interface. The loopback address must not be used as the source address in IPv6 datagrams that are sent outside of a single node."


Question:
Which connectors or media are utilized with FDDI? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
SC
ST

ST is the round connector used on Fiber Optic cabling in Europe.
SC is the square connector used on Fiber Optic cabling in North America


Explanation:
802.11

802.11 refers to a family of specifications developed by the IEEE for wireless LAN technology. This is an over-the-air interface between a wireless client and a base station or between two wireless clients. The IEEE accepted the specification in 1997. Scroll down to learn more.

802.11 -- Wireless LANs and provides 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band using either frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). 
802.11a -- Applies to wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the 5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than FHSS or DSSS. 
802.11b (802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi) -- Applies to wireless LANs and provides 11 Mbps transmission (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band. 802.11b uses only DSSS. 802.11b was a 1999 ratification to the original 802.11 standard, allowing wireless functionality comparable to Ethernet. 
802.11g -- applies to wireless LANs and provides 20+ Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band


Question:
Which two IEEE standards deal with common network topologies?

Explanation:
802.3
802.5

802.2=Logical Link Control
802.3=CSMA/CD or Ethernet 
802.5=Token Ring
802.6=MAN


Question:
Which connectionless protocol resides in layer four of the OSI model?

Explanation:
UDP

As the layers are numbered starting with Application layer being layer seven and ending with Physical layer being layer one, then layer four is the transport layer.

IPX and IP are in layer three, the Network layer. TCP is connection orientated protocol.


Question:
Which networking devise is responsible for delivering packets within a LAN?

Explanation:
Router

The key word is "packet". In the OSI model: the Transport layer deals with datagrams. The Data Link layer (bridges and switches) use Frames and the Physical layer (hubs and repeaters) utilizes bits. The only layer of the OSI that officially uses "packets" is the Transport Layer. The only device listed from the Transport layer is the Router.


Question:
What is the maximum cable length of 10base2 before the signal begins to erode?

Explanation:
185 meters

The number before the word "base" is always the speed. Cables are always "base". The only changing factor is what comes after the "base" (i.e. T, 2, 5). That character represents the length.
T= 100 meters
2= almost 200 meters, 185m
5= 500 meters


Question:
Which of the following protocols are used in conjunction with Network Access Storage (NAS)? (Choose two)

Explanation:
TCP/IP
IPX

Frame Relay and SMDS are WAN protocols, but NAS is storage areas made available on the network. So TCP/IP and IPX are the protocols to implement.


Question:
A new user's workstation has been added in an office. This includes telephone and network wiring installation. Users in the office now report they cannot access the Internet. You check and confirm there are no other problems and other users at the office can connect to the WAN. You have investigated the problem in great detail. Now what do you do?

Explanation:
Implement a corrective course of action

This is based on the seven steps for troubleshooting.
1- Identify the exact problem
2- Duplicate the problem
3- Isolate the cause of the problem
4- Formulate and implement a solution 
5- Test the solution
6- Document the problem and the solution
7- Give feedback to the user.


Question:
Identify the media and connectors used with 10base2. (Choose three.)

Explanation:
RG-58
T connector
BNC terminator

10base2 is thinnet, used in a bus topology. As such, the T connector are needed to add the clients onto the bus, the BNC Terminators to terminate each end of the bus and the RJ-58 is coax cabling.


Question:
The MAU on your Token Ring network is overworked. A new MAU is added to the Network to share the workload. After the new MAU is added, connectivity is not possible on the network. You suspect that the installer installed the connections between the MAUs incorrectly. How should they be connected?

SelectionA:
The uplink ports should be connected together, downlink ports should be connected together.

SelectionB:
The ring in ports should be connected together, ring out ports should be connected together.

SelectionC:
On each MAU the uplink port should be connected to downlink ports on the other MAU.

SelectionD:
On each MAU the ring out port should be connected to the ring in port of the other MAU

Explanation:
On each MAU the ring out port should be connected to the ring in port of the other MAU

A MAU does not have an uplink port like an Ethernet hub does.


Question:
IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and sets of interfaces. What are the three address types?

Explanation:
Unicast
Anycast
Multicast

There are no broadcast addresses in IPv6, their function being superseded by multicast addresses.
IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and sets of interfaces. There are three types of addresses:

Unicast: An identifier for a single interface.  A packet sent to a unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address.

Anycast: An identifier for a set of interfaces (typically belonging to different nodes).  A packet sent to an Anycast address is delivered to one of the interfaces identified by that address (the "nearest" one, according to the routing protocols' measure of distance).

Multicast: An identifier for a set of interfaces (typically belonging to different nodes). A packet sent to a multicast address is delivered to all interfaces identified by that address.


Question:
How many nodes may exist on a 10Base2 segment?

Explanation:
Up to 30

This relates to the 5-4-3 rule for Ethernet bus networks.  It specifies that the network can have up to five segments connected by four repeaters. Only three of the segments may be populated. There is a maximum of 90 nodes per 10Base2 network (3 populated segments X 30 nodes = 90 nodes). The maximum overall network length is 925 meters (5 segments X 185 meters = 925 meters).

For 10Base5 (Thicknet), there may be 100 nodes per segment. For 10Base2 (Thinnet) there may be only 30 nodes per segment.


Question:
Which of the following uses FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing)?

Explanation:
Broadband

Broadband is a communications technique using frequency division multiplexing (FDM). The media bandwidth is divided into multiple channels, each channel has its own frequency, and any device tuned to that frequency can obtain the data.
Baseband uses a single frequency and the entire bandwidth of the media is used by a single communication.
SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) is an older line protocol used for dial up networking.
PPTP (Point to Point Tunneling Protocol) is a new protocol used for creating secure VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) over existing public networks.


SelectionD:
102.54.94.97     rhino.acme.com          # source server

Explanation:
03:c3:a1:f2:34:c4 

213.122.10.10  ---  This  is an IP address.
102.54.94.97   rhino.acme.com   # source server --- This is a host file entry.
03:c3:f2:34:c4  --- This one is only 5 bytes long.

MAC addresses are 6 byte hexadecimal numbers. You may see the printed with colons or spaces separating the bytes. 

If you're using Windows 9X try running Winipcfg. Your MAC address will be displayed as the "Adapter Address".


Question:
When a UNIX host receives an IP package, how does it know which service is to receive it?

Explanation:
Port Number

The port number is used to determine which "service", such as Telnet, HTTP, FTP, etc. that the packet is to be sent to.
The IP and MAC addresses are used to determine which "host" is to receive the packets.


Explanation:
119

NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol) uses port 119.


Question:
What device do you use to terminate a 10BaseT cable?

Explanation:
No termination is needed   

10BaseT uses Unshielded Twisted Pair which needs no termination.


Question:
What can support 1 Mb to 10 Mb per second up to 500 meters? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
10base5 or Thicknet

10Base5 and Thicknet are different words that refer to the same type of network. This is the original Ethernet network which uses 1/2 inch coax cable (!0Base5) with Vampire Taps and AUI connectors.


Question:
What is signal overflow from another wire called?

Explanation:
Crosstalk

Attenuation is where signals degenerate over a long stretch of cable.
A Bottleneck is where a segment or network device becomes bogged down by excessive network activity or other causes.
Beaconing is a term used in Token Ring networks to notify other workstations of errors.


Question:
Which type of network has multiple redundant links?

Explanation:
MESH

Mesh networks have multiple links from node to node to provide the maximum possible reliability.


Question:
Which tool is used to view and monitor network packets?

Explanation:
Packet monitor

A packet monitor is typically included as part of a protocol analyzer and is used to simplify network maintenance by collecting, time-stamping and saving all network communications into log files.


Question:
A user cannot access an application on the server. What should you do first to resolve the issue?

SelectionA:
See if other workstations can access the application

Explanation:
See if other workstations can access the application.

Of the choices given, this is the easiest and should be done first. If others can access the application, you have demonstrated the server and application are both working. This narrows it down to the workstation or the workstation's ability to connect. The user may be trying to connect incorrectly. The next thing would be to try to run the application from the user's workstation yourself.


Question:
The link lights on the router and the hub for cable C are not illuminated. What is least likely the problem?

Explanation:
Modem

With the conditions given, the modem is least likely to be the suspect.

Either the router, hub or cable C could cause this.


Question:
The workstation will not connect and the NIC's link light is not flashing. You try another patch cable and it is still not flashing. Next, you switch the connectors on the hub and it starts blinking. What should be the next step?

Explanation:
Log in and verify you can connect 

Since the link light started flashing, you have good reason to think it was a connector not pushed all the way in and that you have fixed it. Logging on to the server and transferring a file will confirm if the problem is solved. 

You should not replace more parts or software until you know for sure what effect the previous step had.


Question:
What utility do you use to check your IP configuration on a Windows 98 workstation?

Explanation:
Winipcfg 

Use this utility to see the TCP/IP configuration of your computer. It will display your IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, hardware MAC address. It is used from command prompt on Windows 95/98. It is very useful if your computer is obtaining Its IP address from DHCP server and you need to find out what IP address has been assigned to you.

IPconfig has the same function as WINIPCFG, except it is used on NT computers. For more detailed information use with a switch IPconfig /all.


Question:
The light on your network interface card in your workstation is no longer lit. You have verified that the card is properly configured. What can you use to determine whether the card is sending data?

Explanation:
External Hardware Loopback 

A hardware loopback is a connector on a computer that is useful for troubleshooting hardware problems, allowing data to be transmitted to a line, then returned as received data. If the transmitted data does not return, the hardware loopback detects a hardware malfunction.


Question:
Which connectors are used with fiber-optic cabling? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
SC
ST 

Also used are MIC and VF-45 connectors.


Question:
Who assigns public static IP addresses on the Internet?

Explanation:
ICANN 

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is the non-profit corporation that was fromed to assume responsibility for the IP address space allocation, protocol parameter assignment, domain name system management, and root server system management functions previously performed under U.S. Government contract by IANA and other entities.


Question:
You must combine a Novell NetWare network running the IPX/SPX protocol with a Windows NT network running NetBEUI. You want to route the IPX/SPX protocol and bridge the NetBEUI protocol. You also want to provide the functionality of a repeater. What should you install?

Explanation:
Brouter 

The pertinent part of the question is: "You want to route the IPX/SPX protocol and bridge the NetBEUI protocol." 

Bridge + router  =  brouter.


Question:
Which piece of hardware is needed to connect a computer to an ISDN line?

Explanation:
ISDN Adapter 

For simple ISDN connections the signal must go into a network termination device (NT1). This is often built into the device such as an ISDN modem or terminal adapter.


SelectionA:
They are only allowed to request services from network devices and servers.

SelectionB:
They provide services to network devices and servers.

SelectionD:
They request services from other clients.

Explanation:
They are only allowed to request services from network devices and servers


Question:
What allows you to increase the number of host addresses on a subnet by borrowing bits from the network address?

Explanation:
Subnet Mask 

Subnetting allows you to take one larger network and break it into many smaller networks. Some of the benefits of subnetting include the following:
- Reduced network traffic. With routers, most traffic will stay on the local network; only packets destined for other networks will pass through the router. Routers create broadcast domains. The smaller broadcast domains you create, the less network traffic on that network
segment.
- Optimized network performance. This is a result of reduced network traffic. 
- Simplified management It’s easier to identify and isolate network problems in a group of smaller connected networks than within one gigantic network.
- Facilitated spanning of large geographical distances Because WAN links are considerably slower and more expensive than LAN links, a single large network that spans long distances can create problems in every arena listed above. Connecting multiple smaller networks makes the system
more efficient.


Question:
After you upgrade a server with a new operating system, you discover that the server's network interface cards do not have drivers that are supported by the new operating system. Where might you find an updated driver for the network cards? (Choose two.)


Question:
Which operating system uses the IPSec security protocol by default?

Explanation:
Windows 2000 

Windows Internet Protocol security (IPSec) is designed to encrypt data as it travels between two computers, protecting the data from modification and interpretation if anyone were to see it on the network.


Question:
What are the range classifications for TCP/IP port numbers? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Private 
Well Known 
Registered

The port numbers are divided into three ranges: the Well Known Ports, the Registered Ports, and the Dynamic and/or Private Ports.

The Well Known Ports are those from 0 through 1023.
The Registered Ports are those from 1024 through 4915.
The Dynamic and/or Private Ports are those from 49152 through 65535.


Question:
Which protocol is primarily responsible for addressing and routing packets between hosts and will always make a "best effort" attempt to deliver these packets?

Explanation:
IP 

UDP and IP are connectionless. Therefore it uses the "best effort" attempt to deliver packets. However only IP is primarily responsible for addressing and routing packets between hosts.


Question:
An eight-port device receives a signal through port five. That signal is then sent back out through ports one, two, three, four, six, seven, and eight without any signal regeneration. Which type of hub has been described?

Explanation:
Passive Hub 

To say, "without any signal regeneration" means that the device is passively passing the signal and because it sent the signal to all ports indiscriminately it is a hub.


Question:
What is the primary purpose of a domain controller?

SelectionA:
To provide user authentication for Windows 2000 and NT clients.

SelectionB:
To provide user authentication for NetWare clients.

SelectionC:
To provide automatic configuration options for clients.

Explanation:
To provide user authentication for Windows 2000 and NT clients. 

A domain controller holds security and directory database information for a domain in the Active Directory. Whereas Windows NT 4.0 used the backup domain controller (BDC) and primary domain controller (PDC) model, Windows 2000 no longer maintains these different levels of controllers. The domain controllers in Windows 2000 share their information with all the domain controllers in an organization and the information can be edited from any domain controller.


Question:
Customers access the Exam Drill Software Web site by its domain name, www.examdrill.com. This domain name is then converted by IP to its IP address. What does IP use for this domain-name conversion?

Explanation:
DNS 

Domain Name System is a set of protocols and services in the TCP/IP protocol suite. To resolve a domain name to IP address, your browser contacts a DNS server. The address of a DNS server is provided by your ISP. If the domain name is not found in your ISP's DNS, the ISP's DNS requests that information from the root domain server. The root domain server is responsible for maintaining database of top level domains like .com, .net, .org and country specific domains like .DE and .SE.


Question:
You want to connect two networks via a WAN with a leased T1 line. What device would you use connect the router on each network to the T1 line?

Explanation:
CSU/DSU 

CSU/DSUs are used to connect routers to a leased line.


Question:
On a Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Server and Windows 2000 Server, what key combination to you use to display the Login Information dialog box?

Explanation:
Ctrl + Alt + Delete 

This opens the security dialog box from which you can log in under a different name, open Task Manager, lock the computer or shutdown.


Question:
Which of the following should you not back up during a daily incremental backup?

Explanation:
Application files 
Operating system files

The point of an incremental backup is to same time and media. There is no reason to back up application files or operating system files. Leave that job for the full backup. You can always reinstall programs. What you will want to backup are user documents and data.


Question:
You want to connect Microsoft Windows 2000, Unix and Novel NetWare 4.1 Servers. What protocol must be installed on all three servers in order for them to communicate?

Explanation:
TCP/IP 

The TCP/IP protocol is supported by Microsoft Windows 2000, Unix and Novell NetWare 4.1 Servers.


Question:
What protocol is a dial-up connection protocol that can only transport the IP network communications protocol?

Explanation:
SLIP 

Serial Line Internet Protocol, software that allows the Internet Protocol (IP), normally used on Ethernet, to be used over a serial line, e.g. an RS-232 serial port connected to a modem. SLIP modifies a standard Internet datagram by appending a special SLIP END character to it, which allows datagrams to be distinguished separately. SLIP does not provide error detection, being reliant on other high-layer protocols for this.


Question:
A computer on an IPX/SPX network has the following IPX address: 00452378:B25C37HG8DAC. Which part of the address is the node address?

Explanation:
B25C37HG8DAC 

The node portion of the IPX address is actually the hardware address of the NIC.


Question:
What is the name resolution system that is used on the Internet?

Explanation:
DNS 

Domain Name Services is a hierarchical server database, which contains host name to static IP address mappings.


Question:
On a Windows NT Server 4.0 computer, what procedure would you follow from the Windows desktop to get to the dialog box that would allow you to install the DHCP Service?

SelectionA:
Right-Click Network Neighborhood; Select Properties from the context menu; click the Service tab on the Network dialog box and click the Add button.

SelectionB:
In Device Manager; Select Properties from the context menu; click the Service tab on the Network dialog box and click the Add button.

SelectionC:
Using the Computer Management Console; Select Properties from the context menu; click the Service tab on the Network dialog box and click the Add button.

SelectionD:
Highlight TCP/IP protocol in Control Panel; Select Properties from the context menu; click the Service tab on the Network dialog box and click the Add button.

Explanation:
Right-Click Network Neighborhood; Select Properties from the context menu; click the Service tab on the Network dialog box and click the Add button.


Question:
Below is an example of a MAC address. 

00-15-FH-T6-03-2N 

What part of the MAC address is the identification of the manufacturer of the NIC?

Explanation:
00-15-FH

The 12 hex digits of source address consist of the first/left 6 digits (which should match the vendor of the Ethernet network interface) and the last/right 6 digits which specify the interface serial number for that interface controller vendor (this gives 256 cubed addresses - or 16.78 million separate serial numbers).This allows each vendor to assign their own interface serial numbers, but also allows protocol monitors to examine the first 3 bytes of a frame address to determine the manufacturer of the interface card being used.

The following list identifies some of the blocks of assigned vendor MAC addresses (i.e. the first 3 bytes of a MAC source address). 

00000C  Cisco
00000E  Fujitsu
00000F  NeXT
000010  Sytek
00001D  Cabletron
000020  DIAB (Data Intdustrier AB)
000022  Visual Technology
00002A  TRW
000032  GPT Limited (reassigned from GEC Computers Ltd)
00005A  S & Koch
00005E  IANA
000065  Network General
00006B  MIPS
000077  MIPS
00007A  Ardent
000089  Cayman Systems  Gatorbox
000093  Proteon
00009F  Ameristar Technology
0000A2  Wellfleet
0000A3  Network Application Technology
0000A6  Network General (internal assignment, not for products)
0000A7  NCD             X-terminals
0000A9  Network Systems
0000AA  Xerox           Xerox machines


Question:
You have a preexisting Novell NetWare 4.11 network that uses its native protocol. You want to connect a Windows NT 4.0 Server to the network. What protocol should you install on the Windows NT 4.0 Server?

Explanation:
IPX/SPX 

NetWare 4.11 supports TCP/IP but IPX/SPX is its native protocol. In this scenario, you have a "preexisting Novell NetWare 4.11 network that uses its native protocol".


Question:
A user has repeatedly attempted to connect to the network with no success. Other workstations on the same network segment are able to connect with the network. You check the hub and find that the network cable is properly connected to Port 3. However, none of the indicator lights for Port 3 are lit. You confirm that Port 3 is working properly by temporarily attaching a different workstation's cable to it. You follow the Category 5 cable down from Port 3 through a tangle of wires to the workstation's network interface card, and again find that the cable is properly connected. However, none of the lights on the network interface card are lit. What are the two most likely sources of the problem? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Failed Network Cable 
Failed Network Interface 

It is always good to start at the physical layer when troubleshooting. It is also the easiest to do.


Question:
What information do routers use to forward packets to their destinations?

Explanation:
Network Address

The router is just interested in getting the correct traffic onto the correct network. It is not too interested in the node number. 

Hardware and MAC address are synonymous and are only interesting for layer 2 devices (bridges and switches).


Question:
Which of the following can you use to view print jobs that are waiting to be printed on a UNIX server?

Explanation:
LPQ 

LPQ displays status of a remote LPD print queue.


Question:
You have some Macintosh computers connected to a Novell NetWare 4.11 network. You have been asked to give the Macintosh computers the ability to print on the NetWare network using AppleTalk. Which of the following services should you install on the NetWare 4.11 server to enable Macintosh computers to network print?

Explanation:
ATPS.NLM

AppleTalk Print Services provides two main functions, AppleTalk print spooling and AppleTalk print serving. The AppleTalk print spooler advertises a NetWare print queue on an AppleTalk network and accepts print jobs submitted by Macintosh clients. The AppleTalk print server takes print jobs out of a NetWare print queue and sends them to a printer on the AppleTalk network. 

NetWare uses NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) to provide management tools.


Question:
You have designed a Token Ring Network that has a single IBM 8228 MAU. Five Computers will be connected to the MAU. All five should be able to communicate with the Token Ring network after they are connected. How should you configure the network?

SelectionA:
By connecting the computers to the Tokin Ring user ports only.

SelectionB:
By connecting the computers to the Ring Out port.

SelectionC:
By connecting the computers to the Ring In port.

SelectionD:
By connecting the computers to each other in a bus topology.

Explanation:
By connecting the computers to the Tokin Ring user ports only. 

The Multistation Access Unit (MAU) is the central cabling component for IBM Token Ring networks. The 8228 MAU was the original wiring hub developed by IBM for Token Ring networks. Each 8228 has ten connectors, eight of which accept cables to workstations or servers. The other connectors are labeled RI (ring in) and RO (ring out). The RI and RO connectors are used to connect multiple 8228s to form larger networks.


Question:
You want to configure your Linux computer to run on your LAN. Which utility should you use to configure the IP address for the network card?

Explanation:
IFconfig 

IFconfig is the Unix/Linux command to configure the IP address for the network card. The "If" stands for interface.

Config is the command for NetWare.
Winipcfg is the configuration command for Windows 9x.
IPconfig is the command on Windows NT and 2000.


Question:
What is required for a functioning digital signature? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
a public key 
a digital certificate 
a private key 

Digital signatures are designed to prove that a particular individual authorized a document, just as in the physical world. In order to be able to create a digital signature, you need a private key. (Its corresponding public key will be needed in order to verify the authenticity of the signature.) 

A digital signature can be used with any kind of message, whether it is encrypted or not, simply so that the receiver can be sure of the sender's identity and that the message arrived intact. A digital certificate contains the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that anyone can verify that the certificate is real.

A digital certificate is issued by a certification authority (CA). It contains your name, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signatures), and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a the X.509 standard.


Question:
Which class of IP network addresses has a value of between 128 and 191 for the first octet?

Explanation:
Class B 

IP network addresses with a value of between 128 and 191 for the first octet are Class C. Notice that 128 is 1000 0000 in binary and 191 is 1011 1111. So, this range of addresses are all the addresses with the first two digits 10 (That is one and zero. Not ten).


Question:
What should an administrator do to expand a network, improve security and reduce congestion?

Explanation:
Subnet using a custom subnet mask.

The other choices would increase security but do nothing to reduce congestion or expand the network. Using a custom subnet mask, an administrator can filter traffic increasing security and reducing congestion. He or she can also increase the availability of IP addresses when expanding the network.


Question:
What is the correct command to configure the IP address 172.16.1.1 to eth0 with the default subnet mask on a Linux computer?

Explanation:
IFconfig eth0 172.16.1.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 

Using the IFconfig command and the correct default subnet mask this is the correct command to configure the IP address 172.16.1.1 to eth0.


Question:
Why is Frame Relay much faster at performing basic packet-switching operations than other switching systems?

SelectionA:
It uses PVCs, so there is no need to provide best path routing.

SelectionB:
The frame size is larger than other switching systems.

Explanation:
It uses PVCs, so there is no need to provide best path routing. 

Like X.25, Frame Relay uses both PVCs (Permanent Virtual Circuits) and SVCs (Switched Virtual Circuits), although most Frame Relay networks use only PVCs. This virtual circuit provides the complete path to the destination network prior to the sending of the first frame. To read more about PVCs scroll down.

1. The user’s network device sends a frame out on the local network. The hardware address of the router (default gateway) will be in the header of the frame.
2. The router picks up the frame, extracts the packet, and discards the frame. It then looks at the destination IP address within the packet and checks to see whether it knows how to get to the destination network by looking in the routing table.
3. The router then forwards the data out the interface that it thinks can find the remote network. (If it can’t find the network in its routing table, it will discard the packet.) Because this will be a serial interface encapsulated with Frame Relay, the router puts the packet onto the Frame Relay network encapsulated within a Frame Relay frame. It will add a DLCI number associated with the serial interface. DLCIs identify the virtual circuit (PVC or SVC) to the routers and provider’s switches participating in the Frame Relay network.
4. The channel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU) receives the digital signal and encodes it into the type of digital signaling that the switch at the Packet Switch Exchange (PSE) can understand. The PSE receives the digital signal and extracts the 1s and 0s from the line.
5. The CSU/DSU is connected to a demarcation (demarc) installed by the service provider, and its location is the service provider’s first point of responsibility. The demarc is typically just an RJ-45 jack installed close to the router and CSU/DSU.


Explanation:
24 

A T1 line has 24 channels with a total speed of 1.54 Mbs.


Question:
Which well-known UDP port does NetBIOS use?

Explanation:
137 

It is a good idea to be familiar with a few of the well-known ports.

80 is HTTP
21 is FTP
119 is NNTP


Question:
Which disk storage system provides no fault tolerance?

Explanation:
Disk striping 

RAID 0, also referred to as disk striping, is the process of evenly writing data across the several drives. (In Windows 2000 RAID 0 uses between 2 and 32 hard drives.) There is a low disk overhead for RAID 0 because all of the drive space is used. If one drive fails, however, all of the data is lost. The main reason to implement RAID 0 is to increase the read and write or input and output performance of your hardware.


Question:
You need to solve a traffic problem occurring on a large Ethernet network. Within this large segment, the accounting department is flooding the network with a high volume of data which causes the entire network to slow down. Which device is a quick and low-cost solution to isolating the accounting department?

Explanation:
Bridge 

The only other device listed that would isolate the accounting department is a router. However, a router is not a low-cost solution.


Question:
Which characteristic describes the IEEE 802.3 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet standard?

SelectionA:
It specifies UTP Category 5 data-graded cable.

SelectionB:
It specifies UTP Category 3 data-graded cable.

SelectionC:
It specifies STP Category 5 data-graded cable.

Explanation:
It specifies UTP Category 5 data-graded cable 

This is the only true statement listed.


Question:
How can you reduce network traffic when backing up multiple servers across a network? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
Schedule the backups during non-business hours.

SelectionB:
Place the backup computer on an isolated network.

SelectionC:
Back up once every day with a full backup once a week.

Explanation:
Schedule the backups during non-business hours.
Place the backup computer on an isolated network.

By scheduling the backups during non-business hours you will not tie up the network during the times when bandwidth is need most. 

By placing the backup computer on an isolated network and not centrally, all backup traffic will not have to cross networks with already high bandwidth usage.


Question:
Which services can be used to obtain IP addresses dynamically? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
DHCP and BootP 

DHCP is more sophisticated than BootP to support advanced client computers. DHCP was the first dynamic version of BootP designed for clients that did not need an image from the TFTP server. Configuring the BootP table includes indicating the boot image file name, the full server path to the boot image, and the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) file server.


Question:
Which protocol was created to allow diskless workstations to boot by downloading the operating system from the network in addition to obtaining IP address information?

Explanation:
BootP 

BootP (bootstrap protocol) is the host configuration that precedes DHCP. BOOTP was originally
designed for client computers that did not have disks. Configuring BOOTP support consists of setting up the BOOTP table and enabling the scope to support BOOTP clients. Configuring the BOOTP table includes indicating the boot image file name, the full server path to the boot image, and the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) file server. Windows 2000 DHCP server also provides support for dynamic BOOTP.


Question:
Which protocol responds to PING requests?

Explanation:
ICMP

Ping- will send ICMP echo packets to verify connections to a remote host (or local if using the loopback address).


Question:
What device should you use if you want to provide NAT on a network?

Explanation:
an IP proxy 

An IP proxy dialup account allows you to connect as many computers as you like to a single connection. Using proxy software on your host machine, or a NAT capable router you can provide web access and other services to all of your workstations.


Question:
What is the name of the square fiber optic connector?

Explanation:
SC connector

The ST connector is barrel shaped.
The MIC connector is shaped like the Greek letter pi.  
The VF-45 connector looks a lot like the RJ-45.


Question:
You are experiencing connection problems with the fiber-optic cables in your 100BaseFX LAN. What is most likely the cause of the problem?

Explanation:
The cable is not properly terminated

This is a common problem with fiber optic cables because of the relative difficulty working with fiber cables and connectors. Even a piece of dust can hinder you doing a good job. Not only that, there are many different methods available for termination which require great skill. For instance, epoxies, polishing, hot melts or crimping.


Question:
Robert often sends confidential information, via e-mail, over the Internet. Robert is aware that this information could be intercepted as it travels over the Internet, so he wants to employ a method that will keep all but the intended recipient from viewing the contents of the e-mail. What should he use to secure the contents of his e-mail?

Explanation:
Encryption 

Robert can use encryption to keep all but the intended recipient from viewing the contents of the e-mail.


Question:
You want to set up a network with a Windows NT 4.0 server and four Macintosh clients. You have already installed all the necessary hardware. Which steps should you take?

SelectionA:
Install Services for Macintosh on the Windows NT 4.0 Server.

SelectionB:
Install TCP/IP on the Windows NT 4.0 Server.

SelectionD:
Install Services for Macintosh on the workstations.

Explanation:
Install Services for Macintosh on the Windows NT 4.0 Server 

When you set up Services for Macintosh on a computer running Windows NT Server, the AppleTalk Protocol, File Server for Macintosh, and the Print Server for Macintosh are all enabled. In order to activate Services for Macintosh, you must install NT Services for Macintosh and selecting or creating an AppleTalk zone. Since Services for Macintosh isn't isn't installed by default, you may need the Windows NT Server CD-ROM to enable Macintosh users to access the server.

You must also create an AppleShare-compatible server volume (called a "Macintosh volume" in NT Server) on the server and set access permissions


Question:
Which standard is known as Gigabit Ethernet?

Explanation:
1000Base-SX 

Gigabit Ethernet is the newest version of Ethernet, which supports data transfer rates of 1 Gigabit (1,000 megabits) per second. The first Gigabit Ethernet standard (802.3z) was ratified by the IEEE 802.3 Committee in 1998


Question:
What is the Ethernet-standard designation for a fiber-optic Fast Ethernet network topology?

Explanation:
100Base-FX

Fast Ethernet is any Ethernet specification with a speed of 100Mbps. Fast Ethernet is ten times faster than 10BaseT, while retaining qualities like MAC mechanisms, MTU, and frame format. These similarities make it possible for existing 10BaseT applications and management tools to be used on Fast Ethernet networks. There are several different cabling schemes that can be used with 100BASE-T, including: 
100BASE-TX: two pairs of high-quality twisted-pair wires 
100BASE-T4: four pairs of normal-quality twisted-pair wires 
100BASE-FX: fiber optic cables


Question:
Which characteristic describes Frame Relay?

SelectionA:
It offers a Committed Information Rate (CIR).

Explanation:
It offers a Committed Information Rate (CIR).

Frame Relay provides a packet-switched network to many different customers at the same time. This is a great idea because it spreads the cost of the switches among many customers. However, Frame Relay is based on the assumption that not all customers need to transmit constant data all at the same time. Frame Relay works best with bursty traffic.

Frame Relay works by providing a dedicated bandwidth to each user, who is committed to that bandwidth at any given time. Frame Relay providers allow customers to buy a lower amount of bandwidth than what they really might need. This is called the Committed Information Rate (CIR).
What this means is that the customer can buy bandwidth of, for example, 256k, but it is possible to burst up to T-1 speeds. The CIR specifies that as long as the data input by a device to the Frame Relay network is below or equal to the CIR then the network will continue to forward data for the
PVC. However, if data rates exceed the CIR, it is not guaranteed.


Question:
You manually assigned a registered class C IP address to each computer on a small network. Each computer now has connectivity to the Internet through a DSL connection. You realize that without a firewall this configuration poses a high security risk. Also, you need to ensure that the IP addresses of the internal computers are hidden from outside networks. Which service could you implement to increase the security of your network? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
NAT (Network Address Translation)
Proxy server


Question:
From which protocol did Network Time Protocol (NTP) evolve?


Question:
You are called to troubleshoot system problems occurring at your company's corporate campus. You are responding to complaints about diskless network workstations rebooting spontaneously. Upon arrival, you quickly survey the work environment. You observe the following: 
· Lighting consists mainly of fluorescent lights. 
· Temperature is 65 degrees Fahrenheit (18 degrees Celsius). 
· Humidity is 80%. 
· Employees are using space heaters. 
· Electrical outlets appear outdated. 

What is the most likely cause of the spontaneous rebooting problem?

Explanation:
Fluctuating voltage at the outlets 

That is why it is a good idea to use UPS in a "mission critical" server room.


Question:
Which type of networking uses small 53-byte blocks or cells to transport information through the network?

Explanation:
ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode is the international standard, identified by fixed-length 53-byte cells, for transmitting cells in multiple service systems, such as voice, video, or data. Transit delays are reduced because the fixed-length cells permit processing to occur in the hardware. ATM is designed to maximize the benefits of high-speed transmission media, such as SONET, E3, and T3.


Question:
What is the D channel used for in Primary Rate ISDN (PRI)?

SelectionA:
It carries signaling and link management data.

Explanation:
It carries signaling and link management data.

The D channel is the data channel 16Kbps (BRI) or 64Kbps (PRI) ISDN channel.


Question:
Assuming the default subnet mask is used, what is the network portion of the IP address given below? 

124.128.86.15

Explanation:
124 

Assuming the default subnet mask is used only the first octet belongs to the network portion of a Class A IP address.


Question:
What is the lowest category or level of UTP cable that you should use as transmission medium for a small LAN communicating in the 10-Mbps range?

Explanation:
Category 3 

10BaseT Part of the original IEEE 802.3 standard, 10BaseT is the Ethernet specification of 10Mbps baseband that uses two pairs of twisted-pair, Category 3, 4, or 5 cabling—using one pair to send data and the other to receive. 10BaseT has a distance limit of about 100 meters per segment.


Question:
Which term refers to standardized levels of disk fault tolerance?

Explanation:
RAID 

In order to secure a system against loss of valuable data, establish some sort of fault tolerance program. This program will allow recovery of data should there be a disk failure. RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) is a method of disk configuration that will assist in this goal.


Question:
How many segments can be joined together using repeaters in a 10Base5 network?

Explanation:
5

Some specifications for 10Base5 are:
- The maximum length of a segment is 500 m (1640 feet).
- The maximum length of cable is 2.5 km (1.5 miles) using repeaters.
- Devices attach to the backbone via transceivers. 
- Both ends of each segment should be terminated with a 50-ohm resistor. 
- One end of each segment should be grounded to earth.


Question:
Which encryption method uses both public and private keys to encrypt and decrypt messages?

Explanation:
Public Key Encryption 

A cryptographic system that uses two keys - a public key known to everyone and a private or secret key known only to the recipient of the message. For example, when Liam wants to send a secure message to Olivia, he uses Olivia's public key to encrypt the message. Olivia then uses her private key to decrypt it. 

An important element to the public key system is that the public and private keys are related in such a way that only the public key can be used to encrypt messages and only the corresponding private key can be used to decrypt them. Moreover, it is virtually impossible to deduce the private key if you know the public key. 

Public key cryptography was invented in 1976 by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman. For this reason, it is sometime called Diffie-Hellman encryption. It is also called asymmetric encryption because it uses two keys instead of one key (symmetric encryption).


Question:
Which parameters can DHCP dynamically supply? (Choose all that apply.)

Explanation:
IP Address 
Subnet Mask 
Default Gateway 

Configuration information supplied to DHCP clients by a DHCP server include:
• IP address
• Subnet Mask
• Default gateway address
• Domain Name Server (DNS) address
• NetBIOS Name Server address


Question:
You want to provide mission-critical level security for your company's servers in the event of a fire, flood, or earthquake. Where should a copy of the system backup tapes be stored to insure that the servers can be rebuilt in a minimal amount of time should such a disaster occur?

Explanation:
An offsite building 

Even a fireproof safe does not ensure the security of backup tapes in cases of natural disaster. The other choices are completely bogus.


Question:
Your company has a corporate-wide Windows NT network using the TCP/IP protocol. Several users are complaining that their computers are getting IP address conflicts. What is the preferred solution to this problem?

Explanation:
Implement a DHCP Server 

DHCP servers reduce the amount of administration costs and reduce the chance of human error while configuring clients.


Question:
Which applications use UDP? (Choose all that apply.)

Explanation:
NFS, TFTP, SNMP

These protocols live above the transport layer and rely on UDP for delivery.


Question:
Which protocols reside in the OSI layer that is directly above the layer containing Internet Protocol (IP)? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
TCP and UDP 

These protocols reside in the transport layer, just above the network layer where IP resides. 

ARP resides at the Data Link layer and HTTP at the application layer.


Question:
How can you limit access to content on your Web server without requiring visitors to authenticate?

SelectionA:
Use a port number other than 80 for HTTP requests

SelectionB:
Use a port number other than 8080 for HTTP requests

SelectionC:
Use a port number other than 25 for HTTP requests

SelectionD:
Use a port number other than 21 for HTTP requests

Explanation:
Use a port number other than 80 for HTTP requests 

Port 80 is the default port number for HTTP.


Question:
Which class of network addresses is reserved for experimental use?


Question:
Which improvements does IPv6 provide over the current IP addressing scheme? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
Some header fields have been dropped or made optional.

SelectionB:
The IP header option allows more efficient forwarding and less rigid length limits.

SelectionC:
The elimination of headers, providing a "pure" data packet.

Explanation:
Some header fields have been dropped or made optional.
The IP header option allows more efficient forwarding and less rigid length limits.

IPng or IPv6 was designed to take an evolutionary step from IPv4. Functions which work in IPv4 were kept in IPng. Functions which didn't work were removed. Some changes were:
- Expanded Routing and Addressing Capabilities. IPng increases the IP address size from 32 bits to 128 bits, to support more levels of addressing hierarchy and a much greater number of addressable nodes, and simpler auto-configuration of addresses. 
- Scalability of multicast routing is improved by adding a "scope" field to multicast addresses. 
- "Anycast address" to identify sets of nodes where a packet sent to an anycast address is delivered to one of the nodes. The use of anycast addresses in the IPng source route allows nodes to control the path which their traffic flows. 
- Some IPv4 header fields have been dropped or made optional, to reduce the common-case processing cost of packet handling and to keep the bandwidth cost of the IPng header as low as possible despite the increased size of the addresses. Even though the IPng addresses are four time longer than the IPv4 addresses, the IPng header is only twice the size of the IPv4 header.


Question:
You are planning to send a highly sensitive document via e-mail to a coworker in another office. The document you are sending contains the company's financial figures. It is extremely critical that these numbers arrive safely at their destination with no possibility of tampering. What should you use to ensure that the document arrives safely?

Explanation:
Digital Signature 

Digital signatures are designed to prove that a particular individual authorized a document just as in the physical world. In order to be able to create a digital signature you need a private key. (Its corresponding public key will be needed in order to verify the authenticity of the signature.) 

A digital signature can be used with any kind of message, whether it is encrypted or not, simply so that the receiver can be sure of the sender's identity and that the message arrived intact. A digital certificate contains the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that anyone can verify that the certificate is real.

A digital certificate is issued by a certification authority (CA). It contains your name, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signatures) and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a the X.509 standard.


Question:
What is the tendency of electromagnetic waves to weaken due to absorption and scattering in a transmission medium called?

Explanation:
Attenuation

Attenuation is the degrading of a signal as it travels farther from its origination.
Crosstalk is signal overflow from one wire to another adjacent wire.
Jitter is instability in a signal wave caused by signal interference or an unbalanced FDDI Ring or Token Ring.


Question:
Andrew wants to access the CompTIA Web site to obtain more information about Network+ certification. He enters http://www.comptia.org/ into his Web browser's address line. By default, which port number will his browser use to connect to the Web server?


Question:
A user calls you to complain that he was unable to log on to the network at 10:00 PM the previous evening, although he can log on now. What were the most likely causes of the problem? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
Insufficient user rights based on the time of the first logon attempt.

Explanation:
Insufficient user rights based on the time of the first logon attempt.
The network was being backed up.

Let us start with the most likely cause of the problem - user error. That is not a choice. Of the choices the most likely is the user did not have appropriate access rights. It is not unusual for a remote access policy on the authenticating server to limit access based on time. Perhaps, the network administrators do their backups between 10:00 and 11:00 every evening. 

That brings us to the second most likely possibility the network servers were being backed up and therefore inaccessible.


Question:
Which term is commonly used to describe any network device that can request network resources?


Question:
Which two technologies use the token-passing media-access method?

Explanation:
FDDI and Token Ring

Fiber distributed data internet and Token Ring both use the token-passing media-access method.


Question:
You are a system administrator. A user calls you complaining that he cannot run an application that he has been running for weeks. Other users on the network can still run the application. Which questions are the most reasonable to ask him to help troubleshoot the problem?

SelectionA:
What happens when the user runs the application?

SelectionB:
What has changed on the system since the application last?

SelectionC:
Does the user really need this application?

Explanation:
What happens when the user runs the application?
What has changed on the system since the application last?

Both of these questions would help an administrator to isolate a network problem with an application.


Question:
Your company is using the 1.0 version of an e-mail client which contains some programming bugs that are causing minor problems. An upgrade version of this software was recently released, and according to the documentation, contains fixes to the programming bugs found in the 1.0 version. It also includes new features that most users would find helpful. You have decided to upgrade to the newest version of the software. How should you implement the upgrade?

SelectionA:
Install the software in a testing environment before attempting the upgrade on the workstations. This will ensure that the upgrade does not cause any adverse affects on the network.

SelectionB:
Install the software in a domain controller before attempting the upgrade on the workstations. This will ensure that the upgrade does not cause any adverse affects on the network.

SelectionC:
Install the software on demilitarized zone before attempting the upgrade on the workstations. This will ensure that the upgrade does not cause any adverse affects on the network.

SelectionD:
Install the software on a workstation before attempting the upgrade on the other workstations. This will ensure that the upgrade does not cause any adverse affects on the network.

Explanation:
Install the software in a testing environment before attempting the upgrade on the workstations. This will ensure that the upgrade does not cause any adverse affects on the network.

This would represent the best practice that would present the least disruption incase the upgrade does not work.


Question:
The data stored on your network is fully backed up every Friday night. In between those full backups, differential backups are performed each Monday through Thursday night. In the event that a failure occurs on Thursday morning and data must be entirely restored, how many tape sets will be needed for the restoration?

Explanation:
Two 

To restore differential backups you always need two tapes. The last full backup and the last differential backup.


Question:
Which protocol synchronizes network time to a time source, usually on the Internet?


Question:
What provides packet filtering and is associated with the use of a demilitarized zone (DMZ)?

Explanation:
Firewall 

A Demilitarized Zone is used by a company that wants to host its own Internet services without sacrificing unauthorized access to its private network. The DMZ sits between the Internet and an internal network's line of defense, usually some combination of firewalls and bastion hosts. Typically, the DMZ contains devices accessible to Internet traffic, such as Web (HTTP ) servers, FTP servers, SMTP (e-mail) servers and DNS servers.


Question:
Which features apply to the PPP protocol? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Provides Error Checking capabilities 
Allows Password encryption 

Point-to Point Protocol is the Internet standard for transmitting network layer datagrams (e.g. IP packets) over serial point-to-point links. PPP has a number of advantages over SLIP; it is designed to operate both over asynchronous connections and bit-oriented synchronous systems (ISDN) and it can configure connections to a remote network dynamically and test that the link is usable. PPP can be configured to encapsulate different network layer protocols (such as IP, IPX or AppleTalk) by using the appropriate Network Control Protocol (NCP).


Question:
Which protocol would allow you to view the heading and sender of an e-mail message before downloading it to your local computer?

Explanation:
IMAP4
  
Short for Internet Message Access Protocol, a protocol for retrieving e-mail messages. The latest version, IMAP4, is similar to POP3 but supports some additional features. For example, with IMAP4 you can search through your e-mail messages for keywords while the messages are still on mail server. You can then choose which messages to download to your machine.


Question:
You just installed an internal modem in a computer. You are now configuring it to use COM port 1. Which standard IRQ address corresponds to COM port 1?

Explanation:
4

Com1 and 3 use IRQ4. Com2 and 4 use IRQ3.


Question:
A full backup is performed on your network servers weekly. In conjunction with the full backup, a daily backup is performed on all of the files that have changed since the last full backup. Which type of backup are the daily backups?

Explanation:
Differential  

A differential backup is performed on all of the files that have changed since the last full backup. The archive bit is not set.


Question:
What is the default subnet mask for class B networks?


Question:
Which protocols do Network Attached Storage (NAS) devices use? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
SMB, NFS, HTTP 

With protocols like TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), SMB (Server Message Block), NFS (Network File System), HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol) network attached storage devices can communicate with the LAN.


Question:
Which connection type is used by several Internet Service Providers (ISPs) on the Internet backbone because of its 155-Mbps to 622-Mbps potential bandwidth?

Explanation:
ATM

Common ATM speeds are based on the SONET optical carrier speeds. One OC unit is 51.84 Mbps. Therefore OC-3 is 155 Mbps and OC-12 is 622 Mbps.

OC-24 is available but incredibly expensive and  only used on the biggest carrier's backbone.


Question:
Which IP address falls into one of the three blocks of IP addresses set aside by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for private networks?


Question:
As the network administrator, you are troubleshooting a problem that Pam is having in the Payroll department. When she logs on to the network from her computer, she cannot open the database application located on the network server. She has tried logging off and then logging back on using another machine, but she is still unable to open the application. However, the coworkers in her department are able to open the application. What should you do first?

SelectionB:
Check that she is using the correct logon name and password.

SelectionC:
Check that her machine is connected to the network.

Explanation:
Check her rights and permissions.

By the process of elimination we can eliminate all but this possibility. Let's look at the scenario: "When she logs on to the network from her computer, she cannot open the database application located on the network server." This means she can log on to the network, eliminating the wrong password or username or connectivity possibilities.
Also, "coworkers in her department are able to open the application." This means the database is accessible and the server is up. So, that leaves only one choice.


Question:
Which connection type contains 672 channels, allowing for connections of up to 44.736 Mbps?

Explanation:
T3

This is also referred to as a DS3 connection.


Question:
You are about to perform routine maintenance on the network. The network must remain inaccessible while you work. You send a message with the packet header 137.255.255.255. What does that packet address accomplish?

SelectionA:
Broadcasts your message to all workstations on the 137 network.

SelectionB:
Broadcasts your message to all workstations on the 137 network.

SelectionC:
Multicasts your message to all workstations on the 137.255 network.

SelectionD:
Multicasts your message to all workstations on the 137.255 network.

Explanation:
Broadcasts your message to all workstations on the 137 network.

255.255.255.255 is a broadcast to all networks. 137.255.255.255 is a broadcast to only the network with the network number 137.


Question:
Which device is used in a wireless network to give a station a larger range of connectivity than the 91 meters (300 feet) of radius in an ad-hoc implementation?

Explanation:
Access Point

The wireless access point that acts as a bridge between the wired Ethernet backbone and your wireless clients.


Question:
You want to set up a network with a Windows NT 4.0 server, a Novell NetWare 5.1 server and three Windows 9x clients. You have already installed all the necessary hardware. You want to allow the Windows 9x clients to access the NetWare 5.1 server. Which steps should you take? (Choose two.)

SelectionB:
Install Novell NetWare Client 4.x on the Windows 9x machines.

SelectionC:
Install IPX/SPX on the Windows 9x machines.

Explanation:
Install TCP/IP on all the servers. 
Install Novell NetWare Client 4.x on the Windows 9x machines 

Novell NetWare 5.1 servers can support the TCP/IP protocol. You should install Novell NetWare Client on the Windows machines for them to access the NetWare server.


Question:
Your computer is connected to a hub with a 10BaseT patch cable. You are unable to connect to other computers on the network. The green link light is lit on all hub ports except the one to which your computer is attached. Hardware diagnostics on your computer's network interface card indicate no problems. When a different computer is plugged into that port, the green link light comes on. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

Explanation:
Faulty Patch Cable 

You have already eliminated the hub port as the likely cause of failure. The NIC is also functioning. What is there between the computer and the hub? Right! A faulty patch cable.


Question:
You have a Windows NT network with 35 Windows 98 computers. Each of the Windows 98 computers has three 10-GB hard drives, 128 MB of RAM, a floppy drive, a Zip drive and a Pentium III 500-MHz processor. You need to ensure that your system is virus-free. Where must you install antivirus software?

SelectionA:
On both the PDC and the Windows 98 Computers

SelectionB:
On both the proxy server and the Windows 98 Computers

Explanation:
On both the PDC and the Windows 98 Computers 

Files are read and written to both the file server and the client. For the best protection install an anti-virus software suite on both the PDC and the Windows 98 Computers.


Question:
What is the best way to provide continuous power to servers and protect them against electrical surges?

Explanation:
UPS

An Uninterruptible Power Supply unit provides continuous power to servers and protect them against electrical surges.


Question:
What is the primary purpose of Kerberos 5?

SelectionA:
It provides a secure method for authenticating network service requests.

SelectionB:
It provides logging and auditing capability for network service requests.

SelectionD:
It provides file encryption for Windows 2000.

Explanation:
It provides a secure method for authenticating network service requests.

Kerberos 5, developed at MIT, supports single logon, allowing faster authentication and faster network response. Kerberos 5 is the primary security protocol for domains in Windows 2000.

Encrypting File System (EFS) provides file encryption for Windows 2000.
RADIUS provides auditing and logging capability for network access. Firewalls and Proxy services provide IP filtering.


Question:
Your company network contains four subnetworks with different classes of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. You need to connect the networks. Which device should you use to connect the subnetworks?

Explanation:
Router 

A router is the device used to connect different network segments.


Question:
You are connecting a network to the Internet. You applied for and received a class C license. However, there are over 300 hosts that need access to the Internet and your class C license will not allow this number of unique IP addresses. What should you implement to allow the hosts to connect to the Internet?

Explanation:
NAT 

The NAT server's public interface will be assigned the Class C IP address from InterNIC. Each of the three hundred clients will be assigned one of the private address classes to eliminate any IP conflicts with IP addresses that were allocated by InterNIC. The default IP address range is 192.168.0.0/24.

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) is a mini-NAT but reaches its limit with just a few computers sharing one connection.
DNS provides name to IP address translation.
NET SHARE is a command line file sharing utility on Windows machines.


# OS

SelectionC:
Right-click, Properties, short-cut tab, change the icon button.

SelectionD:
Open My Computer, click corresponding drive letter, file, icon.

SelectionE:
Open Registry, go to the icon key and change the icon.

Explanation:
Right-click, Properties, short-cut tab, change the icon button.


Question:
You are having problems when Windows 98 boots. How can you create a log file that records the events on boot up?

SelectionA:
Press F8 as soon as Windows starts, then select bootlog.txt option.

SelectionB:
Press F5 as soon as Windows starts, then select the Log option.

SelectionC:
Edit Registry to include a Log file on start-up.

SelectionD:
Press F2 as soon as Windows starts, then select Troubleshoot option.

SelectionE:
Press F5 as soon as Windows starts, then select Boot-Log option.

Explanation:
Press F8 as soon as Windows starts, then select bootlog.txt option


Question:
Windows 98 doesn't need SYSTEM.INI or WIN.INI, but it can still use them to support 16 bit Windows 3.x programs that cannot access the Windows 98 Registry.  True of False?


Question:
The Windows 3.1 File Manager has been replaced by what in Windows 95?

Explanation:
Windows Explorer

Control Panel is a user friendly interface to control Windows settings.
Device Manager is a user friendly interface to control hardware settings.
Program Manager is a Windows 3.1 interface.
Window Commander non-Microsoft file manager is not included with Windows.


Question:
How do you create a shortcut? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
From Explorer, right-click a run file and drag it to the desktop, then select "create shortcut".

SelectionB:
Right-click desktop, select new, select shortcut.

SelectionE:
From Control Panel, System, Settings, Shortcuts.

Explanation:
From Explorer, right-click a run file and drag it to the desktop, then select "create shortcut".
Right-click desktop, select new, select shortcut.


Question:
Can Windows 98 dual boot with Windows NT?

SelectionA:
Yes, but only if Windows 98 is installed first.

SelectionF:
Yes, but you must first install Service Pack 4.

Explanation:
Yes, but only if Windows 98 is installed first.

You must install Windows NT or 2000 only after installing MS-DOS or Windows 9x to prevent MS-DOS or Windows 98 from overwriting the Windows NT or 2000 boot sector and the Windows NT or 2000 startup files. 

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include the following:
- Upgrading Windows 95 to Windows 98
- Upgrading from Windows NT Workstation 4.0 to Windows 2000
- Replacing Windows 9x with Windows 2000
- Dual boot Windows 9x/Windows NT 4.0/2000


Question:
You want your Windows 98 machine to go straight to a DOS prompt as soon as it boots. Which file must you modify to accomplish this?

Explanation:
MSDOS.SYS

You must edit the line of the MSDOS.SYS containing GUI to read:  bootgui=0

If you do edit the MSDOS.SYS file do not remove any of those X's. They are required for compatibility with other programs.


Question:
When you start Windows 98 in MSDOS mode, what happens to Windows?


Question:
You usually run Windows 98 on your computer, but one day you left a bootable DOS 6.22 diskette in the floppy drive. You let it boot up DOS, and decide to defrag your hard drive using DOS 6.22. What happens to your Windows 98 long file names?

SelectionC:
They are compressed until Windows 95 is run again.

Explanation:
They are gone.

Sorry.

Older disk utilities are incompatible with long filenames and will try to erase the LFN entries. It is critical that any disk utility that tries to diagnose the directory structure, including the SCANDISK that is included with MS-DOS 6 and earlier, should never be run on a computer with LFNs. The SCANDISK that comes with Windows 95 is compatible with LFNs.


Question:
How can you view the amount of available free space on a drive?

SelectionA:
From My Computer, right-click on the drive, and select Properties.

SelectionB:
From Control Panel, right-click on the System applet, and select Properties.

SelectionC:
From My Computer, click on the drive, and select Properties.

SelectionD:
From My Computer, right-click on the drive, and select Sharing.

Explanation:
From My Computer, right-click on the drive, and select Properties.


Question:
What is the purpose of the Registry in Windows 98?

SelectionA:
It stores system and application configuration data.

SelectionB:
It maintains hard disk information (i.e. heads and cylinders).

SelectionC:
It provides a storage location for program data.

SelectionD:
It saves configuration information in SYSTEM.INI and WIN.INI.

Explanation:
It stores system and application configuration data.

The Registry is a database. It consists of System.dat and Reg.dat. It is used by Windows to store the information, which in Windows 3.x was found in the .INI files and the reg.dat file. The Registry can be used for troubleshooting and enhancing performance in Windows but always use extreme caution when editing the registry. It is very easy to put your Windows out of commission if you delete or change the wrong Value in the Registry.


Question:
What is the boot sequence for Windows 98?

SelectionA:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT

SelectionB:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT

SelectionC:
MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT

SelectionD:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, SYSTEM.DAT

Explanation:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT


Question:
In order to switch between applications in Windows, the key combination to use is:


Question:
In Windows 95, the primary function of Briefcase is:

SelectionA:
to keep track of the relationship between files on two or more computers.

SelectionC:
to provide a convenient storage location on the desktop for e-mail.

SelectionD:
it always contains an address book and calculator.

Explanation:
to keep track of the relationship between files on two or more computers.


Question:
Where are the Windows 98 Registry files located?


Question:
Which file type contains configuration information used by the MS-DOS virtual machine?

Explanation:
A PIF (Program Information File) controls many settings of an MS-DOS Virtual Machine. 

To make an MS-DOS application operate properly, Windows uses a .PIF (Program Information File) to hold the necessary data to set up the virtual machine.

Most MS-DOS applications are provided with their own .PIFs that include the optimum settings. When these are provided, they should be used. Usually, .PIFs are located in the same directory as the program executable file. If no .PIF is provided, Windows will use its default .PIF. If there are problems running the program, or no .PIFs exist, the current .PIF can be modified or a new one created.


Question:
Select one way to launch an application in Windows 98.

SelectionB:
Double-clicking on the program icon in Windows Explorer

Explanation:
Double-clicking on the program icon in Windows Explorer.


Question:
What is one way to start an application in Windows 98?

SelectionA:
Use the File Find option to locate the .EXE file for the application.

SelectionC:
Select the application from the Start button Programs menu.

SelectionD:
Use the System option to locate the .EXE for the application.

Explanation:
Select the application from the Start button Programs menu.


Question:
To display the hidden files in a folder or directory from Windows 98 Explorer, click the folder and then click:

SelectionA:
View, Options, and click Show all files.

SelectionB:
Files, Attributes, and click Show hidden files.

SelectionC:
Tools, Attributes, and click Show all files.

SelectionD:
Tools, Options, and click Show hidden files.

Explanation:
View, Options, and click Show all files.


Question:
How can you rename a file or folder in Windows 98 using Explorer?

SelectionA:
Double-click the icon, and click Rename.


Question:
A file called MYLONGFILENAME.TXT was created using Windows 98.  What would the filename look like in DOS?

Explanation:
MYLONG~1.TXT  

In MS-DOS and Windows 3.x, filenames were in what is called an 8.3 ("eight dot three") format. That is, the filename itself was restricted to a maximum of eight characters in length, and the extension to a maximum of three characters in length. Filename and extension are separated by a period. Windows 95 supports long filenames (LFNs). The LFN removes the 8.3 filename limitation of older MS-DOS and Windows operation systems. If you want to read more about long file names you will have to scroll down.

In a regular MS-DOS 8.3 file specification directory, all file records are stored in 32-byte records. Ten of these 32 bytes are "reserved." The other 22 bytes are used to store information on starting clusters, creation date, and creation time, and 11 bytes are for the filename itself. LFNs exist on FAT partitions by chopping the filename into 12-byte chunks (stealing one of the "reserved" bytes) and allowing up to 13 chunks, creating a filename of up to 255 characters.

When an LFN is saved, the system creates a short name that conforms to the 8.3 standard. Then, each 12 characters is cut off and stored in its own directory section. The directory entries that make up the long filename are called LFN entries. These must be backwardly compatible with MS-DOS programs and with MS-DOS itself.

Windows takes the first six characters (no spaces) of the filename, adds a tilde (~), a number, and then the extension. If two or more files have the same first six characters, the number is incremented by one for each. For example, two files named "examdrillApluscore.txt" and "examdrillAplusOS.txt" would become "examdr~1.txt" and "examdr~2.txt".


Question:
Your customer is running Windows 98 only.  He does not use any DOS applications.  You use Syedit to view the machines configuration. The AUTOEXEC.BAT file is shown below.  What advice would you give?

SelectionA:
Move the SMARTDRV statement to CONFIG.SYS.

SelectionC:
Place SMARTDRV in the first line of AUTOEXEC.BAT.

SelectionD:
Replace SMARTDRV with PAGEFILE.SYS in the AUTOEXEC.BAT

Explanation:
Remove SMARTDRV from AUTOEXEC.BAT.  

Don't add SMARTDRV.SYS or other device caches in the AUTOEXEC.BAT. Windows 9x has built-in disk-caching.


Question:
Your customer saved a file as STUDYQUESTIONS.DOC in Windows 98. He rebooted his computer to DOS, but he says he can't find the file.  What should you tell him to do?

SelectionA:
Run SCANDISK/LFN and the file will be visible in DOS.

SelectionB:
Reboot to Windows 95 and save the file in LFN DOS mode.

Explanation:
Look for a file called STUDYQ~1.DOC.  

Windows takes the first six characters (no spaces) of the filename, adds a tilde (~), a number, and then the extension. If two or more files have the same first six characters, the number is incremented by one for each. For example, two files named "examdrillApluscore.txt" and "examdrillAplusOS.txt" would become "examdr~1.txt" and "examdr~2.txt".


Question:
To change file attributes in Windows 98, go to:

SelectionA:
Windows Explorer, click on the file, right-click Properties, and change attributes.

SelectionB:
Windows Explorer, click on the file, select View, select Options, select Properties, and change attributes.

SelectionC:
Windows Explorer, click on the file, select Tools, and change attributes.

SelectionD:
Control Panel, click on Accessibility options, and change attributes.

Explanation:
Windows Explorer, click on the file, right-click Properties, and change attributes.


Question:
What is the maximum number of characters in a Windows 98 filename?

Explanation:
255  

In a regular MS-DOS 8.3 file specification directory, all file records are stored in 32-byte records. Ten of these 32 bytes are "reserved." The other 22 bytes are used to store information on starting clusters, creation date, and creation time, and 11 bytes are for the filename itself. Long Filenames (LFNs) exist on FAT partitions by chopping the filename into 12-byte chunks (stealing one of the "reserved" bytes) and allowing up to 13 chunks, creating a filename of up to 255 characters.


Question:
How would you rename a file or folder in Windows 98 by using My Computer?

SelectionA:
Right-click on the file or folder, select Properties, and select Rename.

SelectionC:
Go to the Control Panel, click on System, select file or folder, and select Rename.

SelectionD:
Double Click on the drive, select the file or folder, right-click, and select Rename.

Explanation:
Double Click on the drive, select the file or folder, right-click, and select Rename.


Question:
What happens when you boot Windows 98 and the error message "Missing or corrupt HIMEM.SYS" appears?  Windows 98 will:

Explanation:
not load.

HIMEM.SYS is necessary for Windows 9x to load.


Question:
In Windows 95, most of the configuration information is stored in:

Explanation:
USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT   

The Registry is a database. It consists of System.dat and Reg.dat. It is used by Windows to store the information, which in Windows 3.x was found in the .INI files and the reg.dat file. The Registry can be used for troubleshooting and enhancing performance in Windows, but always use extreme caution when editing the registry. It is very easy to put your Windows out of commission if you delete or change the wrong Value in the Registry.


Question:
Which utility would you use to modify the Registry?

Explanation:
REGEDIT.EXE 

Of the choices only REGEDIT is the only choice. However, everything necessary to configure the system so that it will work can be handled from the Windows Control Panel. The three areas where Windows 9x preferences/settings can be viewed and configured are the Control Panel, the System Monitor, and the Registry.

Directly changing an entry should only be done only by a knowledgeable user. To open REGEDIT, type REGEDIT at a command prompt. This can be obtained by typing the command in the dialog box that appears when you choose Run from the Start menu.


Question:
Which platform is the most similar to Windows 2000?

Explanation:
Windows NT

Windows 2000 is basically the upgrade of Windows NT. It is "built on NT Technology" (that is what the splash screen says). It was called NT 5 before it got its present name.


Question:
Where can you check to see if hardware installed on your system is supported by the Windows 2000 Professional operating system?

Explanation:
HCL 

The Hardware Compatibility List can be found at the Microsoft Web Site or on the Windows 2000 installation  CD.


Question:
What is the distributed directory service database similar to NDS, introduced with Windows 2000?

Explanation:
Active Directory

Active Directory provides a single point of network management allowing you to add, remove or relocate network resources. It offers management, scalability and open standards support. In some ways it is similar to Novell Directory Services (NDS).


Question:
You have a new computer with no OS. You would like to triple boot Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows NT 4 Workstation. Which operating system should you install first?

Explanation:
This cannot be done.

You cannot install both Windows 95 and Windows 98 in a multiple-boot configuration.  Windows 98 is intended as an upgrade to Windows 95 and will try to use the same boot file.


Question:
The executable file for Exam Drill is ED2KTEST.EXE. What would be the affect of typing the command as shown in the picture?

SelectionA:
Error message "File not found", ED2K isn't a command line interface.

SelectionB:
Error message "File not found", ED2K must be written in all capital letters.

Explanation:
You would get the message "File not found" because Exam Drill isn't a command line interface.

Windows and DOS commands are also not case sensitive.


Question:
You currently are running Windows 95/98/ME on your computer in a triple boot configuration. Under the START > RUN what command could you type to bring you to a Command Prompt with all three Operating Systems?

Explanation:
COMMAND

In Windows 2000 the command would be CMD.


Question:
What is the first step in configuring the hard drive in a system?

SelectionC:
Configure DMA channels and the backup interrupt.

Explanation:
Partition the HDD (Hard Disk Drive).

Partitioning the hard drive (FDISK command) divides it into logical volumes (drive letters).


Question:
Which type of partition is created by default in Windows 95a?

Explanation:
FAT  

Operating System		File System
MS-DOS 3.0 - 7	16 bit 	FAT
Windows 3.11	16 bit 	FAT
Windows NT	32 bit	NTFS
Windows 95a	16 bit 	FAT (or VFAT for 32 bit disk access)
Windows 95 OSR2	32 bit 	FAT32
Windows 98	32 bit 	FAT32
Windows 2000	32 bit	FAT, FAT32 or NTFS


Question:
What does setting a partition as Active do?

SelectionB:
It copies the operating system onto the hard drive.

SelectionC:
It tells the system where to look for the operating system.

Explanation:
It tells the system where to look for the operating system. 

Using FDISK a primary partitioned then it is marked as "active" this tells the system where to look for the operating system. 

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Partitioning/Formatting/File System


Question:
Can you upgrade a Windows 98 PC to Windows NT?

SelectionC:
Yes, but only if you had DOS installed as well.

SelectionE:
Yes, but only if you run the NT_95 pre-set-up program first.

Explanation:
No  (But you can dual boot if Windows NT is on a separate NTFS partition.)

Upgrading an operating system infers that programs, data and personal settings are retained by the new operating system. Otherwise we would refer to it as a "clean install". Windows 98 runs only on a FAT partition. If you tried to upgrade it to Windows NT the drive would be reformatted with NTFS deleteing all previous programs, data and settings irreversibly.


Question:
You have just installed a new 20 GB hard drive on a computer. You only want one partition. On that partition you want to install Windows 98. You have already created a DOS partition. Which option do you choose next?

SelectionA:
Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive

Explanation:
Set active partition

The primary partition and the active partition are two separate things. On a computer with a single operating system, the primary and active partitions are usually the same. A computer with dual-boot might have separate partitions for each operating system. In that case, the active and primary partitions might not be the same. But in this scenario you only want one operating system. You have already created the partition now you must set it as active.

The primary partition is where MS-DOS or the Windows boot information is stored on the hard disk drive, and the active partition is where the operating system is stored on the hard drive. If MS-DOS is the only operating system, the primary partition and active partition must be the same. Other operating systems like Windows NT, Windows 2000, Linux and OS/2, for instance can exist on an extended partition.


Question:
What does the "System" attribute mean for a file?

SelectionB:
It identifies the file as being a system file.

SelectionD:
It turns the file into a configuration file.

Explanation:
It identifies the file as being a system file.  

This can be seen by right clicking a file, choosing properties and looking at the attributes.


Question:
What are the main user interface files in Windows 98?


SelectionA:
It saves configuration information in SYSTEM.INI and WIN.INI.

SelectionB:
It stores system and application configuration data.

SelectionC:
It maintains hard disk information (heads and cylinders).

SelectionD:
It provides a storage location for program data.

Explanation:
It stores system and application configuration data.   

The Registry is a database. It is used by Windows to store the information, which in Windows 3.x was found in the .INI files and the reg.dat file. The Registry can be used for troubleshooting and enhancing performance in Windows, but only use extreme caution when editing the registry. It is very easy to put your Windows out of commission if you delete or change the wrong Value in the Registry.


SelectionB:
Basic input/output services that DOS provides into CMOS.

SelectionD:
Basic input/output services into memory.

Explanation:
Basic input/output services into memory.  

This is the real-mode operating system for Windows 95. Most of the CONFIG.SYS commands have been incorporated into the IO.SYS. IO.SYS does most of the work that was done by the CONFIG.SYS file in MS-DOS. So Windows 9x no longer requires a CONFIG.SYS.

IO.SYS includes the files:
COMMAND.COM.
HIMEM.SYS.
IFSHLP.SYS.
SETVER.EXE.


A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include System, Configuration, and User Interface files:
- IO.SYS
- BOOT.INI
- WIN.COM
- MSDOS.SYS
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
- CONFIG.SYS
- COMMAND LINE PROMPT


Question:
The three major programs that control Windows resources are?

Explanation:
Windows is a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that provides multitasking capabilities. The Windows operating system consists or three basic files.

GDI.EXE - The graphical device interface (GDI) modules: provide routines that draw the images on the display.
KRNL386.EXE - The kernel: loads applications, handles all aspects of I/O, and allocates virtual memory.
USER.EXE - The user component: handles all input from the user, mouse, keyboard, etc.


SelectionC:
It loads the Windows equivalent to DOS COMMAND.COM.

SelectionD:
It manages memory, schedules tasks, and loads applications.

Explanation:
It manages memory, schedules tasks, and loads applications.   

Windows consists of three core files: KRNL386.EXE, USER.EXE, and GDI.EXE. These programs allocate and keep track of all system resources requested by the applications. They use 64 KB storage areas of extended memory called heaps to keep track of which application is using which resource. They also have the ability to reallocate resources from one application to another.


Question:
By default, which file is needed to launch Windows 98?

Explanation:
WIN.COM   

WIN.COM is the executable file for Windows 3x - Windows 9x.


Question:
Which file extension is used by Windows 98 to back up the Registry files when Windows starts successfully?

Explanation:
.DA0   

SYSTEM.DA0 and USER.DA0 are automatically created backups of SYSTEM.DAT and USER.DAT from the last successful Windows GUI startup.


Question:
Windows 98 can start without these files:

Explanation:
AUTOEXEC.BAT, CONFIG.SYS

They are still present though for backward compatibility.   

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include System, Configuration, and User Interface files
- IO.SYS
- WIN.COM
- MSDOS.SYS
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
- CONFIG.SYS


Question:
Which file is required to boot Windows 98?

Explanation:
SYSTEM.DAT

SYSTEM.DAT = stores persistent hardware and software settings related to the system it resides on, contained in the (HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT = Windows 95 and 98 only) and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Hive keys.

The Registry can be used for troubleshooting and enhancing performance in Windows but  always use extreme caution when editing the registry. It is very easy to put your Windows out of commission if you delete or change the wrong Value in the Registry.


Question:
Which type of information does DETLOG.TXT contain?

Explanation:
Hardware detected and parameters 

Windows 95 detection log files:
SETUPLOG.TXT - Used to log installation of Windows95. Will note last utility run prior to a system halt.

DETCRASH.LOG - Used to log hardware detection during setup. Readable only by setup to determine which module was running when the system halted.

DETLOG.TXT - Equivalent of DETCRASH.LOG written in a readable format.

NETLOG.TXT - Logs information about detected network components.


Question:
Where does the system look for boot files?

Explanation:
Active partition

Active Partition is the partition on which the BIOS will look for the operating system.


SelectionA:
CONFIG.SYS, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT, REGISTRY

SelectionB:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, AUTOEXEC.BAT, COMMAND.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT, REGISTRY

SelectionC:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT

SelectionD:
CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT

Explanation:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.COM, USER.DAT, SYSTEM.DAT   

Identifying the basic system boot sequences and boot methods, including the steps to create an emergency boot disk with utilities installed for Windows 9x, Windows NT, and Windows 2000 is covered on the A+ test.


Question:
All of the following are major components of an operating system EXCEPT:

Explanation:
Applications  

Operating System (OS) is the software responsible for allocating system resources, such as memory, processor time disk space and peripheral devices.  An application uses the OS to gain access to the system resources.


Question:
If Plug and Play is NOT working, where can you assign system resources?

Explanation:
From the Device Manager    

Plug and Play (PnP) means hardware installation requiring little or no intervention from the user. Windows NT 4.0 does not support Plug and Play, Windows 9x and 2000 does. A plug and play system consists of:
-Plug and play operating system
-Plug and play BIOS 
-Plug and play hardware 
Legacy Devices are hardware designed prior to Plug and Play which, when installed, will not automatically be installed in the OS and must be setup manually.


Question:
In which mode can two or more applications be stored in memory at the same time?

Explanation:
Protected mode  

Real Mode is a processor mode where addressable memory (RAM) is seen as a linear storage location that cannot be divided into sections, or allocated to memory-intensive programs. 

Although MS-DOS programs could run only in the first megabyte of memory (MS-DOS programs can run only in real mode), programs were then written that would run in the extended memory controlled by Windows. The term "protected mode" refers to using protected memory. 

Along with Windows protected mode came the much hated General Protection Fault. This error means that some portion of the Windows protected mode has been violated. For example, when a program writes data outside the portion of memory allocated to it.


Question:
What should you do to view or change resource settings for a hardware device in Windows 9x?

SelectionA:
Use REGEDIT to find the hardware and change it.

SelectionB:
Use the local hardware driver in CONFIG.SYS and change or add switches.

SelectionC:
In Device Manager, select device, Properties, and Resources.

SelectionD:
From Control Panel, select device and Resources.

Explanation:
In Device Manager, select device, Properties, and Resources.


Question:
What makes Windows 98 quick and easy to configure?

Explanation:
Plug and Play    

Plug and Play is designed so that no user intervention is required in order to install hardware. A Plug and Play system needs to consist of the following to be complete:

-Plug and Play operating system
-Plug and Play BIOS
-Plug and Play hardware


Explanation:
32 bits 

If any real-mode drivers are loaded in Windows 95, the system will be forced into a compatibility mode. This will slow down the machine and limit memory utilization.

Operating System		File System
MS-DOS 3.0 - 7	16 bit 	FAT
Windows 3.11	16 bit 	FAT
Windows NT	32 bit	NTFS
Windows 95a	16 bit 	FAT (or VFAT for 32 bit disk access)
Windows 95 OSR2	32 bit 	FAT32
Windows 98	32 bit 	FAT32


Question:
Windows 95 and Windows 98 incorporates which multitasking operating architecture?

Explanation:
Pre-emptive  

Windows 9x, NT and 2000 uses Preemptive multitasking. With cooperative multitasking (used by Windows 3.x), applications are required to cooperate and give up control of the CPU while other applications take their turn. But just like in real life, some applications wanted to monopolize the CPU.


Question:
Windows 3.x incorporates which multitasking operating system architecture?

Explanation:
Cooperative  

Windows 9x, NT and 2000 uses Preemptive multitasking.  With cooperative multitasking (used by Windows 3.x), applications are required to cooperate and give up control of the CPU while other applications take their turn. But just like in real life, some applications wanted to monopolize the CPU.

Windows 3.1 is not on the test anymore but it is important understand the difference between Cooperative and Preemptive.


Question:
What command is used to partition a hard drive?

Explanation:
FDISK

Partitions are logical divisions of a hard drive. A computer might have only one physical hard drive (called hard drive 0), but it can have anywhere from one to 24 logical drives, identified as C to Z. MS-DOS must always be placed on the primary partition, and that partition must always be named C. OS/2, UNIX, and Windows NT/2000 can boot from another drive letter, as well as from the C drive.

Partitions exist to divide the disk into several drive letters to make it easier to organize data files. Some users separate data, programs, and operating-system files onto different drives and to accommodate more than one operating system.

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax)
- MEM
- SCANDISK
- DEFRAG
- XCOPY
- COPY
- FORMAT
- FDISK


Question:
If you have data on a hard drive that you want to repartition, what should you do first?

Explanation:
Backup all files.

All data will be lost if you use the Fdisk utility to partition. If you want a product for resizing disk partitions without losing data, then you should check out Partition Magic or Partition Commander.


Question:
Which feature or file allows Windows 95 to recognize peripherals, load drivers, and assign system resources?

Explanation:
Plug and Play

Plug and Play is designed so that no user intervention is required in order to install hardware.  A Plug and Play system needs to consist of the following to be complete:
-Plug and Play operating system
-Plug and Play BIOS
-Plug and Play hardware


Question:
Which of the following is true concerning extended partitions?

SelectionA:
They can contain up to 23 logical drives.

SelectionB:
They are the same as primary partitions.

Explanation:
They can contain up to 23 logical drives.

Any one physical hard drive can be partitioned into up to 24 logical hard drives. Partitioning makes data storage more efficient and allows you to install more than 1 operating system on your PC.

Primary partition:
A primary partition is completely defined by the entry in the partition table. This entry contains the information about the beginning and end of the partition, the type of the partition and the position of the accompanying boot sector. 

Extended partition:
In the case of an extended partition the entry in the partition table of the MBR describes only the space reserved for the extended partition. This space could be split in up to 23 logical drives. Logical drives can be created only inside an extended partition. In simple words, the extended partition represents the space reserved for the logical drives.


Question:
In which order do the following items boot?

Explanation:
POST, BIOS, BOOT SECTOR, GUI. 

When you first boot a computer, POST runs basic hardware tests on memory, drives, processor, etc.. This is followed by the BIOS data that specifies the characteristics of hardware devices, such as memory and hard disk and floppy disk drives, so the system can properly access them.

Once this is complete, the boot sector is read which tells the computer where to find the operating system. The operating system then loads the Graphical User Interface (GUI).


Question:
You backup files on your NTFS partition using the Windows 2000 Backup utility. These files are then restored to a FAT32 partition. Which of the following file properties are retained? (Choose two)

Explanation:
File attributes
Long file names. 

FAT32 does not support compression, encryption or specific file permissions.


Question:
You want to install a tape backup device that uses the enhanced IDE interface. In Windows NT from which dialog box in Control Panel must you install the tape backup device driver?


Question:
You have purchased a UPS that is listed in the Microsoft Hardware Compatibility List.  Which two steps must you perform to install the UPS on your Windows NT Workstation computer?  (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
Connect the UPS to any serial port by using a serial cable with pin connections that meet UPS requirements.

SelectionB:
Connect the UPS to any parallel port by using a parallel cable.

SelectionC:
Use the Devices dialog box from Control Panel to start the UPS service.

SelectionD:
Use the UPS dialog box from Control Panel to configure the UPS settings.

Explanation:
Connect the UPS to any serial port by using a serial cable with pin connections that meet UPS requirements.
Use the UPS dialog box from Control Panel to configure the UPS settings.


Question:
You need to install a MIDI sound device. In Windows NT where do you install the driver?


Question:
Why should you use one unattended.txt file (answer file) during the unattended installation of the Windows NT Workstation on 100 identical new computers? (Choose one)

SelectionA:
To provide hardware-specific configuration information and other configuration data for the computers.

SelectionB:
To provide user account information, a unique computer name, and a unique identifier specific to each computer.

SelectionC:
To automate installation of applications on the computers during the installation of Windows NT Workstation.

SelectionD:
To place application specific registry data into the registry on each computer including serialization and registration data.

Explanation:
To provide hardware-specific configuration information and other configuration data for the computers.


Question:
Mr. Smith wants to install a Windows NT Workstation automatically. He plans to do so by running Winnt.exe with the /u switch. Which of the following file must be used?

Explanation:
An unattend.txt file (answer file).

Because Smith only installs one computer, he needs only to specify the computer name and user name in unattend.txt, the UDF file is not necessary.


Question:
Your network consists of 15 Windows NT Workstations. You want to share the directory C:\ww on a Windows NT workstation and allow certain users access but deny all others. Which security model must you use?

Explanation:
User Level Security

Because the share is based on the user, not the password, it is user level security. You cannot implement share level security on a Windows NT computer.


Question:
You are preparing to install Windows NT Workstation on your computer.  You must support long file names on all partitions and you need the ability to dual-boot between MS-DOS and Windows NT Workstation.  Which of the following file system must you use?

SelectionC:
You cannot have both FAT and NTFS partitions on the system.

Explanation:
FAT

FAT is the only file system supported by MS-DOS. You can also implement both FAT and NTFS partitions in your system, but the NTFS partitions cannot be accessed from MS-DOS.


Question:
Under which of the following situation, must you use the NTFS system? (Multiple Choice)

SelectionA:
Assign permissions to an individual file.

SelectionC:
Automatically restore the consistency of the file system

Explanation:
Compress individual files
Automatically restore the consistency of the file system
Assign permissions to an individual file.

You cannot dual boot with MSDOS because MSDOS requires a FAT partition.


Question:
Your company has just purchased a new Pentium 200 computer for your department. You want to be able to secure your own individual files and folders on the computer, because your coworkers may also need to use the new computer occasionally.  Which of the following operating system and file system should you implement?

SelectionA:
Install Windows NT Workstation and format the hard drive into FAT file system

SelectionB:
Install Windows 95 and format the hard drive into FAT file system

SelectionC:
Install Windows NT Workstation and format the hard drive into NTFS file system

SelectionD:
Install Windows 95 and format the hard drive into NTFS file system.

Explanation:
Install Windows NT Workstation and format the hard drive into NTFS file system

Windows NT using NTFS is the only solution to prevent people accessing local files.


Question:
Which one of the following is a Windows 98 installation file?

Explanation:
WIN95_13.CAB

CAB - is the extension for a Windows "Cabinet" file used for installation.


Question:
A file called MYLONGFILENAME.TXT was created using Windows 95.  What would the filename look like in DOS?

Explanation:
MYLONG~1.TXT 

DOS is limited to the 8.3 file names. If you then made a second document called for instance MYLONGFILE.TXT it would appear in DOS as  MYLONG~2.TXT


Question:
Which utility is used to access a file from a Windows CAB file?

Explanation:
EXTRACT 

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Windows-based utilities:
- MSCONFIG.EXE
- REGEDIT.EXE (View information/Backup registry)
- REGEDT32.EXE
- ATTRIB.EXE
- EXTRACT.EXE


Question:
What is the first step in performing an operating system upgrade?

Explanation:
Back up critical data. 

The Backup utility helps you protect data from accidental loss if your system experiences hardware or storage media failure. For example, you can use Backup to create a duplicate copy of the data on your hard disk and then archive the data on another storage device such as a hard disk or a tape. If the original data on your hard disk is accidentally erased or overwritten, or becomes inaccessible because of a hard disk malfunction, you can easily restore the data from the archived copy.


Question:
When upgrading Windows 3.x to Windows 95, how do you preserve groups and .INF settings?

SelectionA:
Install Windows 95 into the Windows 3.x directory.

SelectionB:
Move .INF and .GRP files out of the existing Windows directory, install Windows 95 to the existing directory, and copy .INI and .GRP files back to the Windows directory.

SelectionC:
Create a new directory, copy .INI and .GRP files from the old directory, and install Windows 95 into the new directory.

SelectionD:
Install Windows 95 into a different directory and copy the .INI and .GRP files from the original directory.

Explanation:
Install Windows 95 into the Windows 3.x directory	

If you install Window 95 into the Windows 3.1 directory, Windows settings will be preserved, but it will no longer be possible to access Windows 3.1. If you install Window 95 into a different directory as the Windows 3.1 directory both operating systems will be on your system, but you will not have the settings from one preserved in the other.


Question:
All of the following log files are created during the installation on Windows 95 EXCEPT:

Explanation:
RECOVER.TXT is not created at installation.


Question:
Your customer is concerned because she just purchased a new computer with Windows 98 and she wants to use an old 16-bit Windows application.  What do you tell her?

SelectionA:
She can use the old application even in Windows 95

SelectionB:
She must upgrade the 16-bit Windows application to a 32-bit application

SelectionC:
Windows 95 can only run 32-bit applications

SelectionD:
Windows 95 can only run 16-bit DOS applications

Explanation:
She can use the old application even in Windows 98.


Question:
The common installation application for Windows 95/98 applications is:


Question:
A customer wishes to install Windows 98 on the D: drive.  Drive C: has DOS installed and he wants a dual boot configuration.  He has begun installation and faces now the choice where to install Windows 98. 

Select the answer that best explains how to do this.

SelectionA:
Choose "Other Directory" and change the drive letter.

SelectionB:
Choose "Other Directory" and change the directories.

SelectionC:
The install procedure only allows the C: drive.

Explanation:
Choose "Other Directory" and change the drive letter.

If you install Window 95 into the Windows 3.1 directory, Windows settings will be preserved but it will no longer be possible to access Windows 3.1. If you install Window 95 into a different directory as the Windows 3.1 directory, both operating systems will be on your system, but you will not have the settings from one preserved in the other.


Question:
Which file or files could you review to troubleshoot an error encountered during installation?


Question:
Which of the following Operating Systems cannot dual or multi boot with Windows 98?

Explanation:
Windows 95

You cannot install both Windows 95 and Windows 98 in a multiple-boot configuration.  Windows 98 is intended as an upgrade to Windows 95 and will try to use the same boot file. You can install more than one operating system on your computer and choose which operating system you want to use every time you start your computer. This is called a dual-boot or multiple-boot configuration. Windows 2000 supports multiple booting with MS-DOS, Windows 3.x, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT 3.51, and Windows NT 4.0 as well as some non-MS Operating Systems.


Question:
Which two files, depending on whether you are installing from a 16bit or a 32bit environment, starts the installation of Windows 2000?

Explanation:
Winnt.exe
Winnt32.exe

For starting setup on a computer running MS-DOS or Windows 3.x, use Winnt.exe (with appropriate options).  For starting setup on a computer running Windows NT 4.0, Windows 95, or Windows 98, use Winnt32.exe (with appropriate options).


Question:
Knowing you have a non-standard or unsupported device, which setup option should you choose?

Explanation:
Custom   

Custom Setup gives a user more flexibility and more options as to how the system will be configured.


Question:
In Windows 95, how do you install a video card whose driver is NOT included in the Windows 95 distribution CD?

SelectionA:
Reboot the system after inserting the disk supplied by the manufacturer.

SelectionC:
Using Add/Remove Hardware Wizard, click "have disk" and insert the disk or CD provided by manufacturer.

SelectionD:
Insert the Windows 95 CD and click Setup.

Explanation:
Using Add/Remove Hardware Wizard, click "have disk" and insert the disk or CD provided by manufacturer.

If the device is not Plug and Play, or if the video card needs drivers not on the Windows 95 distribution CD, you may have to use the Add/Remove Hardware wizard in Control Panel to tell Windows 2000 what type of device you are installing. After the device is detected, or you identify the device using the Add/Remove Hardware wizard, Windows 2000 may ask you to insert the Windows CD-ROM or the manufacturer's floppy disk so it can load the proper device drivers.


Question:
Visiting the Microsoft Web site to purchase Windows 2000 for your small home peer to peer network, you are faced with several choices. Which of the following should you choose to best meet your needs?

Explanation:
Windows 2000 Professional

Windows 2000 Professional will be enough for a small home network. It can handle 2 processors and 4GB of RAM.

There is no such thing as Windows 2000 Enterprise or Workstation (those are terms that refer to Windows NT products).
Windows 2000 Server can handle 4 processors and 4GB of RAM.
Windows 2000 Advanced Server can handle 8 processors and 64 GB of RAM!
Windows 2000 Data Center can support as many as 10,000 users. It can handle 64GB of RAM and as many as 32 processors!


Explanation:
Expanded Memory

This is important:  Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
between 640KB and 1024KB.

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
anything above 1024KB.

In our diagram this is depicted as the yellow portion.
Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
HIMEM.SYS

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
paged memory

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
EMM386.EXE

The Expanded Memory Manager (emm386.exe) manages Expanded memory.
Expanded Memory - Uses the first 64KB above conventional memory using  four 16KB regions called page buffers. It uses bank-switching to page data in and out of memory quickly.


Explanation:
anything up to 640KB

All of the memory above the first megabyte is called extended memory. This name comes from the fact that this memory was added as an extension to the base 1 MB that represented the limits of memory addressability of the original PC's processor, the Intel 8088.

With the exception of the first 65,520 bytes, extended memory is not accessible to a PC when running in real mode. This means that under normal DOS operation, extended memory is not available at all; protected mode must be used to access extended memory. The section on processor modes explains this in more detail. The first 64 KB or so of extended memory is the so-called high memory area (HMA) and is accessible in real mode due to the residual effects of a bug in the original Intel 80286


Explanation:
Conventional Memory

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Question:
UMBs, or upper memory blocks are located where?

Explanation:
between 640KB and 1024KB

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
Extended Memory

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Question:
Virtual Memory is composed of RAM and a what else?

Explanation:
Swap file

Virtual Memory - Is an idea intended to resolve out-of-memory problems. If your system needs another megabyte of RAM, but you're using all your RAM, a VM system will just grab a megabyte of unused disk space and use it like RAM.


Question:
Below, what is the yellow area of memory called?

Explanation:
XMS

Extended Memory - Anything over 1 MB (1024 KB).


Question:
You have determined that you need more virtual memory in Windows 98.  Where do you set this?

SelectionB:
On the Performance tab in System Properties

Explanation:
On the Performance tab in System Properties.


Explanation:
HIMEM.SYS   

HMA= High Memory Area

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Memory management:
- Conventional
- Extended/upper memory
- High memory
- Virtual memory
- HIMEM.SYS
- EMM386.exe


SelectionB:
It provides more total memory to applications

SelectionD:
It provides for less hard drive wear and tear

Explanation:
More total memory to applications 

Virtual Memory - Is an idea intended to resolve out-of-memory problems. If your system needs another megabyte of RAM, but you're using all your RAM, a VM system will just grab a megabyte of unused disk space and use it like RAM. Hard disk access is typically slower than RAM access.


Explanation:
384KB  (also known as Upper Memory)

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory a.k.a. Reserved Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications. 
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Question:
Expanded Memory is paged through which part of memory?

Explanation:
Reserved

EMS is swapped in 16 KB pages four at a time through Reserved Memory.


Explanation:
64KB

HMA is the first 64KB of Extended Memory


Question:
Below, what is the part of memory called which is depicted as green in our diagram?


Question:
Match the device driver HIMEM.SYS to its operation.

SelectionC:
Uses expanded memory on an 80386 processor.

Explanation:
Manages the use of extended memory.  

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Explanation:
HIMEM.SYS  

Himem.sys is a driver that manages your system's memory. It must be loaded so that Windows 9x can make use of memory above the first megabyte. Himem.sys relies on an interrupt service to report the amount of memory available in the system, and that service is limited to 64MB on ISA-based systems. As a result, Himem.sys cannot identify or use any installed memory above this limit.

However, Himem.sys does not impose its limitations on Windows. On start-up Windows 9x loads its own virtual-mode drivers, which handle a range of functions, including hard disk access and memory management. The Windows 9x virtual-mode driver does not have the 64MB limitation. After loading, the virtual-mode driver replaces Himem.sys, and your system is able to make full use of the installed memory.


Explanation:
Part of DOS into HMA.  

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Question:
What are two alternate names for Expanded memory?

Explanation:
EMS
LIM

Expanded memory is provided through a page frame of at least 64 kilobytes in the reserved memory address region. Access to this memory is provided by an expanded memory manager (EMM) software.
EMS was developed jointly by Lotus, Intel, and Microsoft (L+I+M) prior to 1988. Therefore, this specification is sometimes referred to as LIM EMS.


Question:
Memory that is paged from extended memory addresses to a 64 KB window in the upper memory area is known as:

Explanation:
Expanded Memory 

Memory: 
-Conventional Memory - First 640KB of RAM, used for DOS applications and TSR's. 
-Upper Memory - 384KB RAM located between 640KB and 1MB. Used to load MS-DOS device drivers to help increase space available for DOS applications.
-High Memory Area - Region between 1MB and 1088KB.
-Extended Memory - Region extending from 1088KB to the end of the memory. Was created for DOS applications to be able to access RAM outside of the first 640KB.
-Expanded Memory - Uses bank-switching to quickly page data in and out of memory.


Question:
Your customer is running Windows 98 only.  He does NOT use any DOS applications.  You notice he has SMARTDRV in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.  What advice would you give?

SelectionB:
Move the SMARTDRV statement to CONFIG.SYS.

SelectionC:
Move the SMARTDRV statement to the Registry.

Explanation:
Remove SMARTDRV from AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Smartdrive isn't needed by Windows 98, but it is still included on the installation disk and can be found in the Windows directory. When installing Windows 2000 from a 16 Bit environment (booting from a Windows 98 Start Diskette), the installation can be up to 10 times faster using Smartdrive. So copy it over before you install Windows 2000.


Question:
Your Windows NT Workstation computer is running a large number of applications simultaneously, and you have decided to increase the size of the paging file.  How would you do this?

SelectionA:
Select the change button on the performance tab in the System properties dialog box in Control panel.

SelectionB:
Type the following parameter in the Config.nt file "pagefile-(size)"

SelectionC:
Select the virtual memory tab in the system properties dialog box in control panel.

SelectionD:
Edit the HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG subtree in the registry.

Explanation:
Select the change button on the performance tab in the System properties dialog box in Control panel.


Question:
You are experiencing excessive paging on your Windows NT workstation. Which of the following steps is best to fix the problem?

Explanation:
Add more memory

Memory usage is perhaps the most important factor in system performance. One of the ways you may become aware of a memory shortage is if your system is paging frequently. Paging is the process of moving fixed size blocks of code and data from RAM to disk using units called pages in order to free memory for other uses. Although some paging is acceptable because it enables Windows 2000 to use more memory than actually exists, constant paging is a drain on system performance. Reducing paging will significantly improve system responsiveness.


Question:
On Windows NT Workstation computers, what effect does the order of the bindings of network components have on the system's use of the network?

SelectionA:
The most frequently used protocols should be moved to the bottom of the list.

SelectionB:
The priority of the protocols is based on the order they appear in the protocol.ini, not the order of the bindings.

SelectionC:
The order of bindings on a WS have no effect on the system's use of the network.

SelectionD:
The most frequently used protocols should be moved to the top of the list.

Explanation:
The most frequently used protocols should be moved to the top of the list.


Question:
Which of these statements would be found in the autoexec.bat file?

Explanation:
PATH=C:X; 

In addition to the three core files, MS-DOS uses two other startup files. These files are:

CONFIG.SYS which loads extra hardware and device drivers not built into the IO.SYS.
AUTOEXEC.BAT which loads terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) programs selected by the user and sets up the environment variables such as TEMP and PATH.

These files are not required to start the machine, but they add any additional startup configuration required by the user or applications.


Question:
If AUTOEXEC.BAT is found in the root during boot up, which file contains the batch processor to interpret it?

Explanation:
COMMAND.COM   

1- MS-DOS system startup process:
2- The ROM BIOS looks for an operating system. It checks for the presence of IO.SYS and MSDOS.SYS.
3- The operating system processes the CONFIG.SYS file. 
4- COMMAND.COM is loaded.
5- The operating system processes the AUTOEXEC.BAT file. 
6- COMMAND.COM presents the active-drive prompt and waits for a command.


Question:
Which file provides the user interface in DOS?

Explanation:
COMMAND.COM - Interprets user commands by acting as a translator and sending them directly to the processor. 

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include System, Configuration, and User Interface files:
- IO.SYS
- WIN.COM
- MSDOS.SYS
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
- CONFIG.SYS
- COMMAND LINE PROMPT


Question:
You wish to make a diskette bootable. From the "C" prompt what would you type?

Explanation:
sys a:

SYS transfers the operating system files to another disk. The three files that are transferred are IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM. (If you are using IBM's version of DOS, they are named IBMIO.SYS, IBMDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM).


Question:
Which files must be present to make a drive bootable in either DOS or Windows 95?

Explanation:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, COMMAND.COM   

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include System, Configuration, and User Interface files:

- IO.SYS
- BOOT.INI
- WIN.COM
- MSDOS.SYS
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
- CONFIG.SYS


Question:
Which driver provides caching services for HDD on DOS computers?

Explanation:
SMARTDRV.EXE  

Smartdrive isn't needed by Windows 98 but it is still included on the installation disk and can be found in the Windows directory. When installing Windows 2000 from a 16 Bit environment (booting from a Windows 98 Start Diskette) the installation can be up to 10 times faster using Smartdrive. So copy it over before you install Windows 2000.


Question:
You want to add a user to the Network system group.  Which of the following action should you take?

SelectionA:
Login as Administrator. Use User Manager, edit the membership of the Network system group and add the desired user to the group.

SelectionB:
Login as Administrator. Use User Manager for Domain, edit the membership of the network system group and add the desired user to the group.

SelectionC:
The membership of the network system group cannot be modified.

SelectionD:
Login as Administrator. Using Network Administrator, edit the membership of the network system group and add the desired user to the group.

Explanation:
The membership of the network system group cannot be modified.

When you connect to the resources of a computer over the network, you are automatically in the network system group. If you connect to the resources in a local computer, you are not in the network system group. If you can understand this, you will see that you cannot add a user to the network system group manually.


Question:
You are logging on to a Windows NT Workstation computer by typing your user name and password in the Logon Information dialog box.  Which of the following statements regarding the logon are true?  (Choose two)

SelectionA:
User names are case-sensitive in Windows NT

SelectionB:
Passwords are case-sensitive in Windows NT.

SelectionC:
User name are not case-sensitive in Windows NT.

SelectionD:
Passwords are not case-sensitive in Windows NT.

Explanation:
Passwords are case-sensitive in Windows NT.
User name are not case-sensitive in Windows NT.


Question:
From what dialog box do users change their passwords?

SelectionA:
The user environment profile dialog box.

Explanation:
The Windows NT Security dialog box.

This is accessed by pressing CTRL+ALT+DEL


Question:
Which of the following applications can be used to create a user account in Windows NT Workstation? (Choose all that apply)

Explanation:
User manager 

Administrative Wizard is only available on Widows NT server.


Question:
Which driver in the CONFIG.SYS file controls the mouse?


Question:
Which program would you use to delete or create a disk partition on a hard disk?

Explanation:
FDISK

The FDISK program is the primary tool to manage disk partitions. You can use FDISK to delete partitions, create partitions, logical drives and more. One of the little known but very useful features of FDISK is its ability to overwrite the master boot record of a hard drive. This is valuable if you happen to catch a boot-sector virus. To use this, you would start FDISK with the /MBR option. Be very careful with FDISK, as it will destroy all data on a hard drive unless you use the /MBR option.


Question:
What would happen if you entered the following command at a DOS prompt?

Explanation:
Return to the parent directory  

For instance if you were in C:\WINDOWS\DESKTOP and gave the command CD..

You would find yourself in C:\WINDOWS

To return to the main (or root) directory C:\, give the command:   cd \         

The backslash (`\') is DOS's symbol for the top directory.


Question:
What is the DOS command to delete a directory?

Explanation:
RMDIR 
RD  

Note: RMDIR and RD will not allow you to remove the directory unless it is completely empty of all files and subdirectories.


Question:
The following statements are found in CONFIG.SYS EXCEPT:

Explanation:
ECHO ON  

ECHO ON is found in the Autoexec.bat.
A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include System, Configuration, and User Interface files:
- IO.SYS
- BOOT.INI
- WIN.COM
- MSDOS.SYS
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
- CONFIG.SYS
- COMMAND LINE PROMPT


Question:
Which of the following counters in the Performance Monitor indicates that your system requires more memory? (Multiple Choice)

SelectionB:
Pages/sec * Average Disk Sec/Transfer >10

Explanation:
Pages/sec >=5
Pages/sec * Average Disk Sec/Transfer >10

Pages/sec is the number of pages read from the disk or written to the disk to resolve memory references to pages that were not in memory at the time of the reference.  This is the sum of Pages Input/sec and Pages Output/sec.  This counter includes paging traffic on behalf of the system Cache to access file data for applications.  This value also includes the pages to/from non-cached mapped memory files.  This is the primary counter to observe if you are concerned about excessive memory pressure (that is, thrashing), and the excessive paging that may result


Question:
Which of the following utility can be used to monitor memory utilization? (Multiple Choice)


Question:
What program or service captures, filters, and analyzes network traffic in Windows NT?


Question:
What happens to files deleted from the Recycle Bin?

SelectionC:
Sectors of hard drive are blanked/erased.

SelectionD:
Associated entries in the FAT are removed.

Explanation:
Associated entries in the FAT are removed. 

When a hard drive is formatted, a File Allocation Table (FAT) is created. This table keeps track of where the files are on the hard drive, what sector it starts. When a file is deleted, it is actually the entry in the FAT that is erased, not the file itself. It would be like having a text book with an index. There are utilities on the market like Norton Utilities which can scan your hard drive and identify data that is on your computer and give you the option of "undeleting" it. Microsoft used to include this type of utilities with DOS, but since Windows 95 has the Recycle Bin, it is no longer included. 

If you delete something and don't do anything else on your computer, you could use Norton Utilities to undelete the file. The problem is that Windows is always doing things in the background that use hard drive space. The swap file is often reading and writing to your hard drive. Most programs are not specific about what space it uses on the hard drive so it either uses the first available space or it randomly writes to any available space. Some of the space that the swap file uses could actually be in use by the file you want to retrieve. Since the FAT information for that file has been erased, programs don't recognize that data as anything important. It may write over the data.


Question:
After installing a program on your Windows 2000 computer you receive the following error: "Files that are required for Windows to run properly have been replaced by unrecognized versions. To maintain system stability Windows must restore the original versions of these files."  Which feature of Windows 2000 causes this notification to appear?

Explanation:
Windows file protection. 

In its quest to make Windows more stable, Microsoft implemented a technology in Windows 2000 to monitor crucial system files, and replace them as necessary. This technology is varyingly called Windows File Protection (WFP), System File Protection (SFP), and System File Checker (SFC).  

WFP runs in the background and monitors your system for changes. When a change is applied to any file that is considered "protected,"  WFP will normally attempt to restore the file to what it thinks is the right version. 
This causes one of two things to happen. Either the file is stored locally in %SYSTEMROOT\system32\dllcache, and is simply copied over or Windows prompts you for the installation media. 

On Windows 2000 Professional, the DllCache is usually around 50MB. On Server, it is 300 MB.  Not all of the "crucial" files are crucial, such as fonts, Active X Controls (OCX files) and help files, but it does help make Windows more resistant to inexperienced "deleters" cleaning up their hard drive.


Question:
Which command copies the system files to the boot sector of a hard drive?

Explanation:
SYS    

SYS transfers the operating system files to another disk. The three files that are transferred are IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM.  (If you are using IBM's version of DOS, they are named IBMIO.SYS, IBMDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM).


Question:
A system will boot from a FDD but NOT from a HDD.  Which of the following should you do?

SelectionA:
Verify the presence of two hidden .SYS files and COMMAND.COM.

SelectionB:
Verify that there is a DOS subdirectory on the hard drive.

Explanation:
Verify the presence of two hidden .SYS files (IO.SYS and MSDOS.SYS) and COMMAND.COM.    

These are hidden files and can be seen by using:  attrib -h 

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include System, Configuration, and User Interface files:
- IO.SYS
- BOOT.INI
- WIN.COM
- MSDOS.SYS
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
- CONFIG.SYS
- COMMAND LINE PROMPT


Question:
Your customer installed an application in C:/TEST directory.  The application's executable file is APPRUN.EXE.   Which two of the following are true?

SelectionA:
You must add C:\TEST to the PATH statement before launching the application.

SelectionB:
You can only run APPRUN.EXE from C:\ or C:\DOS.

SelectionC:
Add C:\TEST to the PATH statement, otherwise, you can only run APPRUN.EXE from the C:\TEST directory.

SelectionD:
Add C:\TEST to the PATH statement, you will be able to launch the application from any directory.

Explanation:
Add C:\TEST to the PATH statement, otherwise, you can only run APPRUN.EXE from the C:\TEST directory. 
Add C:\TEST to the PATH statement, you will be able to launch the application from any directory.

The path statement in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file allows you to start DOS applications from any directory. The PATH statement in AUTOEXEC.BAT should reads:  PATH = C:\;C:\DOS;C:\TEST


Question:
Which of the following would format a hard drive properly so that it would be bootable?

Explanation:
FORMAT C: /S  

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax):
- DIR
- ATTRIB
- VER
- MEM
- SCANDISK
- DEFRAG
- FORMAT
- FDISK


Question:
Which DOS command is used to display the attributes of the IO.SYS file?

Explanation:
ATTRIB IO.SYS   

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Windows-based utilities such as  ATTRIB.EXE, EXTRACT.EXE, DEFRAG.EXE, EDIT.COM,  FDISK.EXE, or SYSEDIT.EXE


Question:
Which statement is correct about DOS and Windows file naming conventions?

SelectionB:
File names are case-sensitive but not extensions.

SelectionC:
File extensions are case-sensitive, but file names are not.

Explanation:
File names are not case-sensitive  

This is the only true statement listed.


Question:
Identify the correct boot sequence for DOS 6.x

SelectionA:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT

SelectionB:
MSDOS.SYS, IO.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT

Explanation:
IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, CONFIG.SYS, COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT   

DOS Boot Sequence
1. Loads OS (IO.SYS & MSDOS.SYS)
2. Loads CONFIG.SYS 
3. Loads COMMAND.COM
4. Runs AUTOEXEC.BAT
The Minimum files that MS-DOS needs in order to operate are:
IO.SYS
MSDOS.SYS
COMMAND.COM


Question:
You install an ISA sound card into your Windows 2000 Professional system. The card fails. You reboot and go into "Safe Mode". What do you do?

SelectionB:
Run sfc.exe (system file checker) to find the offending driver.

SelectionC:
Disable the ISA sound card driver using Device Manager.

SelectionD:
Disable the ISA sound card driver using computer management.

Explanation:
Disable the ISA sound card driver using Device Manager.

You can enter Safe Mode by restarting your computer and Choosing Safe Mode from the Advanced Startup Options (F8).


Question:
You have recently installed a new device driver on your computer which is running Windows 2000 Professional.  When you restart your system you receive a Blue Screen of Death error.  What would be the easiest way to attempt to restore your system to a bootable state?

SelectionA:
Start the machine and when the list of available operating systems appears, press F8 to get to the Windows 2000 Advanced Options Menu.  Choose "Last Known Good Configuration."

SelectionB:
Boot from the Emergency Repair Disk.  Choose the Fast Repair (press F) Option.

SelectionC:
Open System in Control Panel, Click the Hardware tab, and then click Driver Signing.  Under file signature verification choose "Block".

Explanation:
Start the machine and when the list of available operating systems appears, press F8 to get to the Windows 2000 Advanced Options Menu.  Choose "Last Known Good Configuration."

Choosing Last Known Good Configuration provides a way to recover from problems such as a newly added driver that may be incorrect for your hardware.  It does not solve problems caused by corrupted or missing drivers or files.


Question:
After you just installed a new video adapter your Windows 2000 computer doesn't start. What should you use to repair this?

Explanation:
Recovery Console

If safe mode and other startup options do not work, you can consider using the Recovery Console; however, this method is recommended only if you are an advanced user or administrator who can use basic commands to identify and locate problem drivers and files. The Recovery Console is a command-line console that you can use after starting the computer with the Setup compact disc (CD) or with floppy disks you have created from the CD.  

LKGC and Device Manager certainly won't work if you can't access them. In the scenario above your computer doesn't start.

Setup Manager is used to make a script file used in unattended setups.


Question:
You are running Windows NT 4.0 on your computer. You have two SCSI controllers and two SCSI Hard drives and you want fault tolerance and be able to access data even if any one of the items fail.  What is the best method?

Explanation:
Disk Duplexing

Disk mirroring uses two hard disks and one controller.  Disk duplexing is the same thing but uses two hard disks and two controllers.  Stripe Set with parity requires a minimum of three hard disks.  

Striped volumes (Windows 2000) and Striped sets (Windows NT) are created by combining areas of free space on 2 or more disks. It does not provide fault tolerance. If a disk malfunctions data is lost. RAID 5 is the same as a Stripe Set with parity (Windows NT) or a Striped volume with parity (Windows 2000). In the question above  RAID 5 would have provided fault tolerance but it would not be possible because you only have 2 disks.


Question:
Your computer has an "on board" built in 10 Mb Ethernet adapter.  You then install a 100 Mb Ethernet adapter. The new adapter isn't functioning.  What should you do so that Windows 2000 Professional uses only the new adapter?

SelectionA:
Use Device Manager to disable the 10 Mb adapter.

SelectionB:
Use a loopback adapter plug on the 10 Mb adapter; no action needs to be taken on the 100 Mb adapter.

SelectionC:
Physically remove the 10 Mb adapter from the plenar board.

SelectionD:
Run netdiag.exe and disable the 10 Mb adapter.

Explanation:
Use Device Manger to disable the 10 Mb adapter.

Disabling a device prevents the device drivers from loading during startup. The physical device may still be present in your computer.


Question:
Windows 2000 drivers and operating system files have been digitally signed by Microsoft to ensure their quality. This could save you hours of work repairing damage done by poorly written driver software.  Under System Properties in Control Panel where would you enable this feature?

Explanation:
Driver Signing

Windows 2000 drivers and operating system files have been digitally signed by Microsoft to ensure their quality.  A Microsoft digital signature is your assurance that a particular file has met a certain level of testing, and that the file has not been altered with or overwritten by another program's installation process.  With Driver Signing you can select one of the following: 
-Ignore to allow all device drivers to be installed on this computer, regardless of whether they have a digital signature. 
-Warn to display a warning message when an installation program tries to install a driver without a digital signature. 
-Block to prevent an installation program from installing device drivers without a digital signature.


Question:
On your Windows 98 startup disk you would like to edit the startup files. Where you would you find the mouse driver mouse.sys?

Explanation:
CONFIG.SYS

Device drivers are loaded from the config.sys file in a DOS environment.


Question:
Which provides the quickest data access time?

Explanation:
RAM 

RAM stores program and application data for quick access.


Question:
What is the maximum hard drive size that DOS 6.0 will recognize?

Explanation:
512MB

Due to this limitation, a hard disk with a capacity 512 MB will appear as having 512 MB under some circumstances. This problem is a result of combining the geometry-specification limitations of the IDE/ATA standard and the BIOS Int 13h standard. This limitation is alternatively referred to as the 504 MB or the 528 MB barrier, depending on whether you are looking at binary or decimal megabytes.


Question:
In CMOS set-up, if you enable ROM BIOS Shadowing, what happens?

Explanation:
A copy of the BIOS is placed in RAM 

When enabled, this parameter turns on BIOS ROM shadowing for the block of memory that contains your system BIOS. This is normally F0000 to FFFFF (64K). In short, it speeds up your system by copying the contents of your system BIOS code from the slow ROM in which it resides into faster RAM.

This setting normally defaults to "Enabled". Since the system BIOS code is used so extensively, shadowing it can cause a great deal of system performance improvement.


Question:
Each line of CONFIG.SYS specifies some type of configuration such as:


Question:
Which function is NOT available through Device Manager?

SelectionB:
Disabling conflicting Plug and Play resources

Explanation:
Enabling virus checker    

You can configure devices using the Add/Remove Hardware wizard in Control Panel or the Device Manager. You cannot enable virus checking through Device Manager.


Question:
A customer calls and says the computer is not detecting hardware automatically in Windows 98.  What could be the problem?

SelectionA:
The motherboard jumper settings are wrong.

SelectionB:
Plug and Play is not enabled in CONFIG.SYS.

SelectionC:
The Plug and Play driver is not installed.

Explanation:
BIOS is not Plug and Play.    

Upgrade the BIOS or manually configure the device.

A Plug and Play system needs to consist of the following to be complete:
-A Plug and Play operating system
-A Plug and Play BIOS
-Plug and Play hardware


Question:
From which location do you install new hardware that is not PnP under Windows 98?

Explanation:
Control Panel, Add New Hardware     

Legacy Cards are hardware designed prior to Plug and Play which, when installed, will not automatically be setup by the OS and must be setup manually.


Question:
HIMEM.SYS gives the following error.  "HIMEM has found unstable memory at 3D21:543CB20."  This means that the ___________is probably bad.

Explanation:
RAM chip   

HIMEM.SYS is device driver created to open up the HMA by unmasking the A20 wire, and act as a gateway to Extended Memory. Directs all applications where to go in Extended Memory to avoid conflicts with other applications using Extended Memory. There is a version for both DOS and Windows. Extended memory cannot be accessed unless HIMEM.SYS is running.


Question:
The Device Manager section of System found in Control Panel shows an X through an icon. What does this mean?

SelectionE:
The device is a very special piece of hardware.

Explanation:
The device has been disabled.

This is different from uninstalling a device. The device will remain disabled until you right click on it and enable it on its properties sheet.


Question:
Which of the following will display the network card configuration settings?

SelectionB:
Control Panel, Network Adapters, Properties

Explanation:
Device Manager  

You can configure devices or view hardware configuration using Device Manager.


Question:
In Windows NT, which of the following applet in the Control Panel can be used to remove a SCSI adapter?


Question:
While in the Device Manager, you notice an exclamation point next to the CD ROM. What does this mean?

Explanation:
The CD ROM has a resource conflict.

The exclamation point means there is most likely a resource conflict. 

A red "X" means the device has been disabled.


Question:
The part of Windows 98 that allows peripherals to be detected automatically is called:

Explanation:
Plug and Play    

Plug and Play is designed so that no user intervention is required in order to install hardware.


Question:
A cluster is the minimum file allocation unit. A cluster is composed of:

Explanation:
Sectors

A hard disk drive is divided into tens of thousands of small arcs. Each arc is called a sector and holds 512 bytes of data. 
A cluster, not a sector is the basic unit of storage. Clustering means to combine a set of contiguous sectors and treat them as a single unit in the FAT. Using 32-bit FAT provided with Windows 95 OSR2 or Windows 98  the cluster size is set at a default of 4 KB.


Question:
You install a new video card and driver that allows 16 million colors instead of just 256 like your old one, but when you reboot your display hasn't changed. What are two ways you can change the display?

SelectionB:
start, Programs, Video, Utilities, Settings

SelectionE:
left-click Start, Settings, Control Panel, Display

Explanation:
right-click Desktop, Properties, Settings
left-click Start, Settings, Control Panel, Display

Use Display in Control Panel to customize your desktop and display settings. These settings control how your desktop looks and how your monitor displays information.

You can completely customize the colors and fonts that are used in Windows on your screen. You can also set a picture, pattern, or HTML document as your wallpaper, or set up a screen saver with a password to protect your work. Visual effects are available to smooth fonts or enhance the appearance of menus and file commands when you open and close them.

With Display, you can also change display settings on your computer. You can specify color settings, change your screen resolution, and set the refresh rate for your monitor. If you are using multiple monitors, you can specify individual settings for each display.


Question:
You currently have Windows 98 on your machine. How can you display IRQ, DMA, and I\O port information? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
start, Settings, Control Panel, System, Device Manager, double-click computer

SelectionB:
right-click "My Computer", Properties, Device Manager, double-click "My Computer"

SelectionD:
run Explorer, System, Properties, Settings

SelectionF:
right-click "My Computer", Properties, Hardware Profiles

Explanation:
start, Settings, Control Panel, System, Device Manager, double-click computer
right-click "My Computer", Properties, Device Manager, double-click "My Computer"

Each resource that is assigned to your device must be unique or the device does not function properly. For Plug and Play devices, Windows 2000 automatically ensures that these resources are configured properly.

Occasionally, two devices require the same resources, resulting in a device conflict. If this occurs, you can manually change the resource settings to be sure that each setting is unique. However, sometimes two devices can be shared, such as interrupts on PCI devices, depending on the drivers and computer. 

When you install a non-Plug and Play device, the resource settings for the device are not automatically configured. Depending on the type of device you are installing, you may have to manually configure these settings, which should be supplied in the instruction manual that came with your device.

You can configure devices using the Add/Remove Hardware Wizard in Control Panel or the Device Manager.


Question:
The Windows 98 Device Manager reports a conflict on the modem.  To find what may be causing the conflict, you would:

SelectionA:
Check the Resource tab for conflicting devices

SelectionB:
Run the modem manufacturer's setup utility

Explanation:
Check the Resource tab for conflicting devices

This will be found in Device Manager. A yellow circle with exclamation point indicates a conflict.


Question:
You want to specify communication settings for COM2 on your Windows NT Workstation computer.  Which of the following program or module would you use to do this?


Question:
You install a 32-bit application designed for Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 4.0 that will use your modem.  What can you use to configure your modem so that it can be used by the new application?

SelectionA:
Dialing properties dialog box in control panel.

SelectionB:
Modems properties dialog box in control panel.

SelectionC:
Add/Remove programs dialog box in control panel.

SelectionD:
Adapters page of the network dialog box in control panel.

Explanation:
Modems properties dialog box in control panel.


Question:
Nathan uses one PC card slot in his laptop computer to hold a network adapter when he is in the office and to hold a modem when he is away from his office. He wants to configure Windows NT Workstation to disable network support and to enable dial-up networking when he is away from the office.  How can Nathan do this?

SelectionA:
Create a registry update script with the appropriate registry entry.

SelectionB:
Create a new user account and new user profile that he can use while he is away from the office.

SelectionC:
No special action is necessary. Windows NT WS automatically adjusts system services based on the devices found in the computer.

SelectionD:
Create a hardware profile for each of the two configurations in the System properties dialog box in Control Panel.

Explanation:
Create a hardware profile for each of the two configurations in the System properties dialog box in Control Panel.


Question:
The critical components to Plug and Play are Operating system, BIOS, device drivers, and what else?

Explanation:
Hardware peripherals

In order for Plug and Play to work, the system must have three things:
A Plug and Play BIOS
A Plug and Play device with the appropriate drivers
A Plug and Play operating system 

Windows 95 uses the Configuration Manager (CONFIGMG.VXD) to collect BIOS information and manage the assignment of IRQ, DMA, and other settings. During each startup, the Configuration Manager searches the system for all information, checks for conflicts, and reconfigures as necessary to resolve conflicts. Any time a new device without a driver is detected, the Configuration Manager launches the necessary wizard to configure the device. When Plug and Play does not work or there is a conflict and the solution is usually in the Device Manager.


Question:
You have just installed a new modem under Windows 98 and can no longer connect with your Internet service provider with the original Dial-up Networking entry. What should you do?

SelectionA:
Change the string to ATZ in modem properties.

SelectionB:
Call your telephone company to report a dead line.

SelectionC:
Configure the modem to use Dial-up Networking.

SelectionD:
Select the new modem from the Dial-up Networking connection's properties.

Explanation:
Select the new modem from the Dial-up Networking connection's properties. 

The dial-up connection's properties need to be changed so the new modem will be used to connect to the ISP.

There is no reason to assume the telephone line is dead. Windows 98 most likely has recognized and configured the new modem by itself using Plug-and-Play technology.


Question:
Your Windows NT Workstation computer was manually configured for TCP/IP. You cannot establish a connection to any host on a remote subnet, yet you can connect to any host on your own subnet.  What do you suspect is a possible cause of the problem?

SelectionA:
The default gateway is missing or incorrect

SelectionB:
The TCP/IP protocol did not load properly.

SelectionD:
The IP address is missing or incomplete.

Explanation:
The default gateway is missing or incorrect 

If two hosts have different network ID's, they belong to different segments on the network. They must communicate with each other remotely through a router or default gateway.


Question:
Your Windows NT Workstation computer needs to communicate via routers across the network.  Which TCP/IP configuration parameters must you set?  (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Subnet mask
Default gateway
IP Address 

Every computer on a TCP/IP network needs an IP address and subnet mask. These will uniquely identify the machine so other machines can find it. When a router comes into the picture (And the internet is built on routers) you need a devault gateway which is where all communication passes through twhich is not destined for the local network.


Question:
With which protocol or service, can your Windows NT Workstation automatically obtain its IP address?

Explanation:
DHCP 

DHCP is a server-based administration utility used to automatically assign IP addresses to clients. Configuration information supplied to DHCP clients by a DHCP server include:
- IP address
- Subnet Mask
- Default gateway address
- Domain Name Server (DNS) address
- NetBIOS Name Server address


Explanation:
Specification for twisted-pair cable
Sends data at 10  Kilobits (Kb) / sec


Question:
A LAN is a local area network. A WAN is a wide area network. Which of the following qualifies as a LAN? (Choose three.)

SelectionA:
Several stand-alone computers on the same floor in a building.

SelectionB:
One computer in Chicago and one in Gdansk connected through an ISDN line.

SelectionC:
Two computers on different floors in a building linked with an Ethernet connection.

SelectionD:
One computer and two HP JetAdmin printers connected by an active hub using the DLC protocol.

SelectionE:
One NT server and 20 Windows 95 client connected by a direct cable connection.

SelectionF:
Several stand-alone computers in the same room.

Explanation:
Two computers on different floors in a building linked with an Ethernet connection.
One computer and two HP JetAdmin printers connected by an active hub using the DLC protocol.
One NT server and 20 Windows 95 client connected by a direct cable connection.


Question:
DHCP stands for dynamic host configuration protocol. If you have a DHCP server, this means that configuring client IP addresses:

SelectionB:
is automatically done by the DHCP server.

SelectionC:
requires only the subnet and DNS addresses.

Explanation:
is automatically done by the DHCP server.

If "obtain IP address automatically" is chosen then the IP address will be assigned from a DHCP server.  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a TCP/IP standard for simplifying management of host  IP configuration. The DHCP standard provides for the use of DHCP servers as a way to manage dynamic allocation of IP addresses and other related configuration details to DHCP-enabled clients on your network.


Question:
You are using the IPX/SPX protocol on your network, and your newly installed Windows 98 PC won't connect to any of the servers. All the hardware checks out fine, and all the drivers are properly loaded. All the cable connections check out fine. What is probably the problem?

SelectionB:
The network drivers on the servers are corrupt.

SelectionC:
Check the frame type on the Windows 98 PC.

SelectionF:
NetWare products and Microsoft products are incompatible.

Explanation:
Check the frame type on the Windows 98 PC.

The frame type must sometimes be manually configured if IPX/SPX is the protocol being used on a Windows machine.


Question:
The internet uses which network protocol?

Explanation:
TCP/IP

On my machine it even says in parentheses "TCP/IP (Internet Protocol)"


Question:
Which protocol would you use to transfer files through the Internet?

Explanation:
FTP

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Transfers files to and from a computer running an FTP server service (sometimes called a daemon).


SelectionA:
It resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses.

SelectionB:
It resolves  IP addresses to email addresses.

SelectionD:
It resolves IPX/SPX names to IP addresses.

Explanation:
It resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses. 

Windows Internet Naming Services, or WINS, is a dynamic database located on a Windows NT Server, which stores NetBIOS names to IP address mappings.


Question:
Which two of the following terms refer to a Windows NT Server but not to a Windows 2000 Server.

Explanation:
Primary Domain Controller
Backup Domain Controller 

In the Windows 2000 Domain model, Servers are either Domain Controllers (takes part in Active Directory replication) or they are Member Servers.


Question:
A client configured to use only TCP/IP can ping a resource by its IP address but not by its FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name).  What may be the cause?

SelectionA:
It is not correctly configured to access a DNS Server.

SelectionB:
It is not correctly configured to access a DHCP Server.

SelectionC:
It is not correctly configured to access a WINS Server.

SelectionD:
It is not correctly configured to access a Domain Controller.

Explanation:
It is not correctly configured to access a DNS Server.

DNS is a service which maps an  IP address to a FQDN.


Question:
With your Windows NT 3.51 client computer you want to access a Novell NetWare Server. What protocol should you install?

SelectionA:
NWLink, Microsoft's implementation of Novell's IPX/SPX

SelectionC:
Active Directory - Microsoft's Directory Service

Explanation:
NWLink, Microsoft's implementation of the protocol IPX/SPX.

NetWare's default protocol is IPX/SPX.
NDS - Novell Directory Service isn't a protocol.
Active Directory - Microsoft's Directory Service was first implemented in Windows 2000, and is not a protocol.
NetBEUI NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface is a non-routable protocol for small Microsoft based networks.


Question:
You connect at your office every day to a shared network resource. You want to map a drive on your Windows 98 computer to that resource so it appears as a new drive in My Computer. What is the correct UNC (Universal Naming Convention) to map a network drive?

Explanation:
\\COMPUTER_NAME\SHARE_NAME 

To map a drive letter to a network computer or folder:  Open Windows Explorer. On the Tools menu, click Map Network Drive. Select the drive letter to map to the shared resource. Type the server and share name of the resource, in the form of 

 \\COMPUTER_NAME\SHARE_NAME

Or click Browse to locate the resource.


Question:
Which statement is true about using a peer-to-peer network?

SelectionB:
Computers share resources with a single file server.

SelectionC:
Computers share resources with any other computer.

SelectionD:
The main file server handles printing and file services.

Explanation:
Computers share resources with any other computer.

A Peer-to-Peer network does not rely on the use of a central file server to share files. Each workstation relies on another workstation to have it's resources made available. They are very difficult to maintain security and must be limited to about no more than ten machines but they are inexpensive and have no central point of failure.


Question:
Which option is not a form of a network?  (Choose two.)


SelectionA:
passes control back and forth between stations around the LAN.

SelectionB:
requires a TAP box to be connected to the LAN.

SelectionC:
allows files on one station to be shared on the other stations of the LAN.

SelectionD:
employs a dedicated station as the server.

Explanation:
employs a dedicated station as the server.


Question:
Which type of networking does Windows 95 provide if there is no dedicated server present?


Question:
You are all ready to work on your new peer to peer network. You can see other computers in Network Neighborhood but why can't other network users see any files or printers on your computer?

SelectionB:
They don't have their file and print sharing capabilities enabled.

SelectionC:
Your computer doesn't have any files on it.

SelectionD:
You haven't enabled any file or print sharing capabilities.

Explanation:
You haven't enabled any file or print sharing capabilities.


Question:
Which of the following is NOT internet related?

Explanation:
Spooling

Spooling refers to printing. The others are protocols.


Question:
An internet file has been saved using File/Save on the browser but now you do not remember to which directory you saved it.  From Windows Explorer what extension should you select to be searched?

Explanation:
.HTM   

Web documents usually have the extension .htm or .html (HyperText Markup Language). If you did a search for .htm the search results would contail documents with either of these endings.

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include File naming conventions (Most common extensions).


Question:
Why does a successfully mapped network drive disappear every time you reboot the computer?

SelectionA:
The computer you connected to has moved.

SelectionC:
A mapped statement is not in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.

Explanation:
You did not enable Reconnect at Logon.   

To make your drive mapping permanent, you must click the Reconnect at Logon box.


Question:
The topology in the picture is what kind of topology

Explanation:
Star

A star topology is one in which all clients radiate from a central hub. If one client is out of commission it has no effect on the others.


Question:
The topology in the picture is what kind of topology?

Explanation:
Ring

A ring topology is one in which computers are connected in a closed loop. Each computer connects directly to two others.


Question:
The secretary wants to print to the office manager's printer but cannot connect to it.  All of the following are reasons this may be happening EXCEPT:

SelectionA:
She is not running the same protocol that the office manager is using.

SelectionB:
The manager has not enabled File and Print Sharing.

SelectionC:
The office manager has not shared the printer.

SelectionD:
The network bindings are set in the wrong order.

Explanation:
The network bindings are set in the wrong order.

What order the bindings are set is a speed issue not a connectivity issue. The other three choices would affect whether the secretary can access the printer.


Question:
Which of the following would not be used for internet security?

Explanation:
HTTP 

HyperText Transfer Protocol, the client-server TCP/IP protocol used on the World Wide Web for the exchange of HTML documents is not a secure protocol.

HTTPS, however, is a secure protocol. You will notice that when you use a web browser and are connected to a secure server using the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) there is a small icon of a closed lock somewhere in the browsers task bar. If you look at the URL or address it should begin with HTTPS instead of HTTP.


Question:
The IP address and UNC (Universal Naming Convention) are okay but you cannot map a network drive. What is a quick way to diagnose the problem?

Explanation:
PING the server   

At a command prompt type PING then the IP Address of the server. If the request is timed out then the server is not reachable.


Question:
In order to connect to the Internet, a computer must be able to use the protocol _____.

Explanation:
TCP/IP 

This is the protocol used on the internet.


Question:
Which Control Panel applet would you use to show which protocols are loaded on a Windows 95 workstation?


Question:
What is the result of adding an IP address to the DNS server search order?

SelectionA:
It restricts browsing to that DNS server.

SelectionB:
It overrides the local system's IP address.

SelectionC:
It tells the DNS server where the local system is located.

SelectionD:
It tells the local system where the DNS server is located.

Explanation:
It tells the local system where the DNS server is located. 

A domain name service or DNS resolves a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) such as "alphaexams.com" to a 32 bit IP address such as  161.112.3.241.


Question:
On a Windows 95 system, you find you can't print to a local printer.  How do you determine whether this is due to a spooling problem?

SelectionA:
Open Printer Properties, click Details, click Spool Settings, and ensure that Spooling is enabled.

SelectionB:
Start printing after the last page is spooled.

SelectionD:
Enable the option Start printing after first page is spooled.

Explanation:
Print directly to the printer.   

If this works then it is probably a spooler problem.


Question:
Why would File and Print Sharing be grayed out on a laptop using a network adapter and NetBEUI?

SelectionB:
File and Print Sharing must be enabled on the HDD.

SelectionC:
File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks service must be enabled.

SelectionD:
File and Print Sharing must be enabled on the NIC.

Explanation:
File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks service must be enabled.

The File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks component allows other computers on a network to access resources on your computer by using a Microsoft network. The component is installed and enabled by default. It is enabled per connection and is necessary to share local folders.


Explanation:
Bus

This topology is the most susceptible to cable faults. If the cable is damaged the network will be inaccessible.


Question:
Connecting two computers requires that they both _____.


Question:
How do you change the resources assigned to a printer port in Windows 95?

SelectionA:
In the Device Manager, highlight the port, and click Properties.

SelectionB:
Go to Start, Settings, Printers, and double-click Printer.

SelectionC:
Go to My Computer, Printers, and double-click Printer.

SelectionD:
Go to Start, Programs, MS-DOS prompt, and run PORT.EXE.

Explanation:
In the Device Manager, highlight the port, and click Properties.


Question:
In Windows 98 how do you map a drive letter to a network share? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
In Network Neighborhood highlight an object in its dialogue box, select the file option "Map Network Drive".

SelectionB:
Control Panel, double-click the network icon, click "Map Network Drive".

SelectionC:
Right-click the Network Neighborhood icon, click "Map Network Drive".

SelectionE:
This can only be done with NT or Novell.

SelectionF:
From the command prompt type MAP then the drive letter.

Explanation:
Double-click the Network Neighborhood icon, highlight an object in its dialogue box, select the file option, and click "Map Network Drive".
Right-click the Network Neighborhood icon, click "Map Network Drive".


Question:
You want to allow your Windows NT Workstation computer to resolve Unix host names to IP addresses in your corporate Intranet.  Which TCP/IP option should you configure?

Explanation:
DNS Server Address 

Domain Naming System (DNS) servers, resolve Domain Naming System names (host names) to IP addresses. For instance, if your flie and print server has an IP address of 192.25.36.82 it would be easier to remember a name like "Serve1" than that unwieldy 32 bit address. The DNS server would handle the translation of Serve1 into "192.25.36.82" without the end-user even being awayre of it.


Question:
If a Windows 2000 system is configured for TCP/IP and DHCP automatic addressing but does not find a DHCP server when booted, what will happen?

SelectionA:
Windows 2000 will not be able to start the network.

SelectionB:
System will switch automatically to NetBEUI protocol.

SelectionC:
Automatic private IP addressing will be used to assign an address.

SelectionD:
System will listen to the network to discover what range of addresses is being used and will assign an address in this range.

Explanation:
Automatic private IP addressing will be used to assign an address. 

Auto Private IP Addressing (APIPA) was first introduced in Windows 98. For computers that are configured to obtain an IP address automatically, APIPA kicks in if no DHCP server is available on the network to lease out an IP address. APIPA automatically queries the other computers on the network and then assigns a unique IP address to the local computer using the IP address scheme of 169.254.x.y with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the IP address range of 169.254.0.0 through 169.254.255.255 for APIPA. This ensures that any IP address that APIPA generates does not conflict with any public, routable addresses. This feature is turned on by default in Windows 2000 Professional.


Question:
Which command to test connectivity to every router between your system and the destination system?

Explanation:
TRACERT 

Like PING Tracert sends a data packet from your computer to a site or other user to test the connection's performance. If the other site is down, the ping fails and if the site is up, the packet bounces back. However, Tracert shows each hop (router) on the way to its destination.


Question:
Your client wants to be able to share one Internet connection with other PCs. Which version of Windows 9x should be used?

Explanation:
Windows 98 SE. 

Internet Connection Sharing is Microsoft's answer to sharing internet access on a home network.  Microsoft ICS comes built in to Windows 98SE, Windows 98ME, Windows 2000 and Windows XP.  Using Network Address Translation (NAT), ICS allows all the computers on your home network to access the internet through a single computer with ICS installed.  

Unfortunately, ICS is limited in a few ways. It has no logging capabilities and no filtering features. In addition, advanced applications like NetMeeting and VPNs generally do not work with it.


Question:
Which three TCP/IP utilities are used to determine the IP address of known Internet domain names?

Explanation:
PING. 
TRACERT. 
Nslookup. 

Ping and Tracert display the IP address if you Ping or Tracert using a fully qualified domain name. The best way to remember this is simply to try it. At a command prompt type "Ping localhost". This will display, among other things, your IP address. If you are online type Ping (or Tracert) www.examdrill.com to see the IP address of the server hosting the site.


Question:
What device driver must be loaded in config.sys to enable power management on a laptop computer?

Explanation:
Power.exe 

Although many portable computers had power conservation features, until 1992, they varied from one manufacturer to another. That’s when Intel Corp. and Microsoft Corp. agreed on a common standard for power reduction, called Advanced Power Management (APM). Most newer portables are compatible with APM and come with a program called POWER. With POWER, you can preserve battery power by shutting down selected hardware devices (such as the display) when they aren’t in use. On APM-compatible computers, the life of the battery can be extended by up to 25%. It is possible to use POWER with portables that are incompatible with APM, but it lengthens a battery’s normal life only by about 5%.

Power.exe is the device driver for POWER.


Question:
To print a document open the document you want to print. In the File menu of the program you are using, click Print. What is another way to print a document in Windows 95, 98, or 2000?  (Choose Two.)

SelectionA:
Drag and drop the document icon onto the printer icon.

SelectionB:
Double-click the printer icon and click File Open.

SelectionC:
Drag and drop the document onto the printer folder.

SelectionD:
Drag the printer icon onto the document icon.

SelectionE:
Using Windows Explorer, right click the document and choose  Send to...> Printer.

SelectionF:
Using Windows Explorer, right click the document and choose " Print now".

Explanation:
Drag and drop the document icon onto the printer icon
Using Windows Explorer, right click the document and choose  Send to...> Printer  

To print a document without opening it drag its icon to a printer in the Printers folder or to a shortcut on your desktop. You can also find the document in Windows Explorer, right click the document and choose  Send to...> Printer.


Question:
You have a couple of MB left on your hard drive, and now, all of a sudden, you cannot print from Windows. Why?

SelectionA:
Print Manager needs hard drive space to spool print jobs until they are printed.

SelectionB:
Windows cannot expand its swap file enough to service its print function.

SelectionC:
The Windows kernel does not have enough space to load the print driver.

SelectionD:
DOS shuts down the printer function to preserve space for itself.

SelectionE:
The DOS kernel turns off the Windows print function and loads its own smaller print functions.

Explanation:
Print Manager needs hard drive space to spool print jobs until they are printed.


Explanation:
Vector

These are made of lines defined by a beginning and an end point. Because the computer has to figure out and fill in the space between it requires higher computational resources. (i.e. RAM, CPU)


Question:
Which font type is composed only of dots on the screen?


Question:
Which file extension indicate a bitmap type file?

Explanation:
BMP

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include File naming conventions (Most common extensions).


SelectionA:
power must be off to remove\install a device.

SelectionB:
power can be on to remove\install a device.

SelectionC:
a warm boot must be done before a device is removed\installed.

SelectionD:
a hot boot must be done before a device is removed\installed.

SelectionE:
the power supply shuts down upon reaching a certain temperature.

SelectionF:
a device must be warmed up before it is installed.

Explanation:
power can be on to remove\install a device.

Plug and Play Docking: 
Types of docking (When a portable computer makes a connection with a docking station.):
Hot - The Computer can be at full power when it is docked or undocked
Warm - The Computer can be in sleep mode when it is docked or undocked
Cold - The Computer must be turned off before being docked or undocked.


Question:
You have trouble printing from Windows 98. What is one of the first things you should do?

Explanation:
Disable EMF spooling.

This will cause jobs not to be spooled but rather printed directly to the printer. Generally this is only a troubleshooting measure.


Question:
Identify one way to install a printer to LPT1 in Windows 95:

SelectionA:
Click My Computer, Settings, Printers, Add Printer.

SelectionB:
Click Start, Find, and type ADD PRINTER.

SelectionD:
Click Start, Settings, Printers, and double-click Add Printer.

Explanation:
Click Start, Settings, Printers, and double-click Add Printer


Explanation:
A shared drive

A drive which has been shared so that other network users have access to it.


Explanation:
A mapped drive

This is an icon which is a link to a network drive not physically present on the machine on which the icon appears.


Question:
Why does the Purge Print Jobs option fail to prevent printing in some cases?

SelectionA:
Jobs in the printer's buffer cannot be deleted from Print Manager.

SelectionB:
The initial Win98 release has a known bug in the Print Manager.

SelectionC:
The Allow Deletions setting must be checked in the printer properties.

SelectionD:
Some applications override the Windows 98 purging process.

SelectionE:
Bi-directional communication interferes with print purging.

SelectionF:
This only happens with Olivetti printers.

Explanation:
Windows 98 cannot purge a print job which is already in the printer's buffer. 

After you send a print job to the printer your print job enters the printer buffer (imagine it waiting patiently in line for its turn to be printed). From here it continues to print until the buffer is empty.


Question:
Tom has a laptop that he uses in a docking station when he is at the office. The docking station allows him to access the network through a network interface card (NIC).  When Tom is at home, he connects to the network by dialing up to the office using a modem. He wants to disable certain devices such as the NIC and the CD-ROM drive when he is at home and away from his docking station. What kind of profile should Tom create for his computer to prevent Windows 2000 from attempting to start his network adapter and CD-ROM drive when he is at home?

Explanation:
Hardware Profile

Hardware profiles tell Windows 2000 which devices to start when a system boots and/or which settings to use for each device.  There is a default hardware profile that is automatically created when Windows 2000 is installed on a system.  By default, this hardware profile enables every device that is installed on the computer.


Question:
In Windows 95, what two facts prevent a printing failure from locking out other applications?

SelectionA:
The printing subsystem runs its own 32-bit virtual process.

SelectionB:
Printing is only allocated the upper 64KB of extended memory and does not affect other applications.

SelectionC:
Windows 95 processes all printing data out to the printer spooler, which eliminates processing in the PC.

SelectionD:
Windows 95 shuts down the printing process after a selected period of time.

Explanation:
The printing subsystem runs its own 32-bit virtual process.    
Windows 95 processes all printing data out to the printer spooler, which eliminates processing in the PC.


Question:
On a Windows 98 system, you send a document to the printer but nothing is printing.  You should try all of the following EXCEPT:

SelectionA:
Make sure that the system has enough free hard disk space.

SelectionB:
Disable Enhanced Meta-file (EMF) spooling.

SelectionC:
Make sure that the spooler has cleared the unprinted spool file.


Question:
When connecting to a Macintosh printer which protocol do you need to install?


Question:
You want to connect your Windows NT Workstation computer to a Macintosh printer on the network. Which of the following protocols must you install on your Windows NT Workstation computer?


Question:
What should you do first when a print job is stalled in Windows NT 4.0?

Explanation:
Restart the spooler. 

Spooling holds computer output before sending it to a printer. This enables the main program to run more quickly because output is handled by the print spooler, which then distributes it to the printer at the proper speed. When you restart the spooler you taken the simplest troubleshooting step by purging the print queue.


Question:
If a network card is physically installed in a Windows 98 laptop and there is no network connectivity, what should you do to find out if the device is functioning correctly?

Explanation:
Look at the Device Manager. 

There are many factors that would hinder network connectivity, but the question requires that you check whether a device is functioning. The best way to do this is Device Manager. The answer would have been different if you knew the device worked and needed to check the devices settings such as IP address or default gateway. In that case, Winipcfg would have been the appropriate answer.


Question:
On a Windows 9x computer, which actions can you take to print a document without spooling the print job?

SelectionC:
Select 'Disable Spooler' in the Spool Settings dialog box.

SelectionD:
Select 'Print directly to the printer' in the Spool Settings dialog box.

Explanation:
Select 'Print directly to the printer' in the Spool Settings dialog box. 

This can be done through the Start menu > Printers and then right clicking the printer whose properties you want to change.


Question:
What two GUI paths can be taken to rename a shared network printer (from within Windows 9x)

SelectionC:
Start, Accessories, System Utilities, Printers.

SelectionD:
Start, Programs, Accessories, System Tools, Printer Setup.

SelectionE:
My Computer, Control Panel, System, Device Manager, Ports, Printers.

SelectionF:
Print Manager, System, Device Manager, Ports, Printers.

Explanation:
My Computer, Printers. 
Start, Settings, Printers.


Question:
You receive a help desk call from a user who is having trouble printing from a Windows NT Workstation computer.  Every time the user sends a job to the printer, the document does not print out completely or comes out garbled.  What should you do?

SelectionB:
Open the services tab in Control panel, stop the spooler service, and then restart it.


Question:
Closing the Print Manager in Windows 95:

SelectionA:
Does not purge the associated print job.

Explanation:
Does not purge the associated print job.


Question:
Which Registry key stores all of the hardware settings?

Explanation:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT	Contains information about file associations. It contains the same information that is typically stored in the reg.dat in Windows 3.x.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER	Contains the preferences of the user who is currently logged in. 
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE	Contains hardware information of any device ever installed.
HKEY_USERS	                Contains preferences for every user that has ever logged into the computer.
HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG	Contains settings for all hardware devices currently installed in the computer. Does not contain settings for devices included in HKEY_DYN_DATA.
HKEY_DYN_DATA	                 Contains dynamically stored data on performance monitoring.


Question:
Before you edit the Registry, you should make a backup copy, as any incorrect change can make your PC inoperable. Which command should you run from the Windows directory that will allow you to copy the Registry files?

Explanation:
attrib -s -h -r [registry file]

Unless you do this you won't have access to the file because it has the system (s), hidden (h) and read only (r) attributes.

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax):
- DIR
- ATTRIB


Question:
By default SCANDISK and DEFRAG are located in which program group in Windows 98?


Question:
What replaces Windows/DOS SMARTDRV in Windows 95/98?

Explanation:
VCACHE  

As Windows needs more RAM, it takes away from the cache and vice-versa. Unfortunately, the cache-sizing algorithms are very slow, especially when used with the swap file. Therefore, the swap file needs to be limited in size. Windows does not allow any direct control over the VCACHE settings for the hard disk drive. The SYSTEM.INI commands can be changed to limit this. To set the best VCACHE size, type the following in the [386Enh] section:

MaxCacheSize=(X)

where X is one-fourth the size of your RAM, expressed in kilobytes.


Question:
As you soon as you see DOS starting, what key do you press to bypass the start-up files?


Explanation:
attrib +r "filename"

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax):
- DIR
- ATTRIB
- VER


Question:
Which of the following file types are run by typing them at the DOS prompt?

Explanation:
EXE
BAT
COM

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include File naming conventions (Most common extensions)


Explanation:
COMMAND.COM

Command.com is the command interpreter for MSDOS.


Question:
The Windows file SYSTEM.INI contains primarily:

SelectionC:
Windows system settings and device drivers.

SelectionE:
used only by Windows 95, not Windows 3.x.

SelectionF:
used only by Windows 2000, not Windows 3.x.

Explanation:
Windows system settings and device drivers.

You can easily edit SYSTEM.INI using the System Configuration Editor (sysedit)


Question:
With Cooperative Multitasking, applications are required to cooperate and give up control of the CPU to other applications taking their turn. True of False?

Explanation:
True

Windows 9x, NT and 2000 uses Preemptive Multitasking.
With Cooperative Multitasking (used by Windows 3.x) applications are required to cooperate and give up control of the CPU to other applications taking their turn, but just like in real life some applications wanted to monopolize the CPU. Preemptive Multitasking is where the operating system executes an application for a specific period of time according to its assigned priority and need.


Explanation:
Program Information File

Note in Windows 2000 a .WSH file is analogous to the .PIF files used to run older 16-bit applications in Windows 9x. It can be treated as if it were an executable or batch file.


Question:
In Windows 98 what is the command file used to bring up the Registry Editor?

Explanation:
REGEDIT.EXE

You can use Regedit.exe to make changes in the registry. (Note that Windows 2000 includes regedit.exe and regedt32.exe.)


Question:
A user uninstalled an application in Windows 98 and it still appears in the Start menu. How do you remove it? (choose two)

SelectionB:
Right click the taskbar, choose Properties and click Remove under Customize Start Menu.

SelectionC:
Right click the menu item on the start menu and select Delete.

SelectionD:
Right click the desktop and choose Display Properties, click Start Menu.

Explanation:
Right click the menu item on the start menu and select Delete. 
Right click the taskbar, choose Properties and click Remove under Customize Start Menu. 

These are two ways of deleting items in the Start menu. Remember that this does not delete the program. It just deletes the link to the program in the Start menu.


Question:
Your sound card is not working and appears with an exclamation point in the Device Manager on your Windows 98 computer. What should you do next?

SelectionA:
Ensure that the speakers are compatible.

SelectionC:
Select the properties of the sound card and examine the resources tab for conflicting resource settings.

SelectionD:
Start the Hardware Conflict Troubleshooter from within Windows Help.

Explanation:
Select the properties of the sound card and examine the resources tab for conflicting resource settings. 

If there is a conflict of resources you will find more information on the resource tab under properties. If you want to be walked through basic troubleshooting routines then you could start the Hardware Conflict Troubleshooter from within Windows Help. 

The sound card should by no means be set to IRQ 14. This is the IRQ for the primary hard drive.


Question:
You have just installed a Windows 98 and IPX/SPX protocol on your network but cannot browse any other stations on the network. Client for the Microsoft networks is installed. What should you do to allow the workstation to browse the network?

SelectionC:
Enable Browsing Services in the Control Panel.

Explanation:
Enable NetBIOS support. 

Many people have problems when they install Windows 98 on their networks or when running IPX/SPX on their networks. Even though, everything appears to be installed and setup correctly but some or all machines may be missing or suddenly disappear from Network Neighborhood. In this scenario you should Enable NetBIOS support from the protocol's properties sheet (which can be reached through Network Neighborhood). 

NetBIOS support over TCP/IP is enabled by default whenever you install TCP/IP and are using "Windows Logon" as your primary logon. The check box to enable NetBIOS support over TCP/IP is checked and grayed-out automatically.


Question:
How can you get a print out of the system configuration on a Windows 9x operating system?

SelectionA:
From the System Monitor, click the print button.

SelectionB:
From the Device Manager, click the print button.

SelectionC:
From a DOS prompt type sys and press <printscrn>.

SelectionD:
From a DOS prompt type msdn and press <printscrn>.

Explanation:
From the Device Manager, click the print button. 

Note that this does not apply to Windows 2000 and Windows XP machines. The "Print..." button has been removed from Device manager in those operating systems.


Question:
A user's system is running slowly after installing a new application in Windows 98. What should be checked? (choose two)

Explanation:
Available system RAM. 
Free space on the hard drive. 

Both too little system RAM and a full or fragmented hard drive would cause a system to slow down. 

There is no mention of a network in the scenario so that should be ruled out. The speed rating of the RAM chips and rotation speed of the hard drive would be constant factors and would be the same both before and after installing the new application.


Question:
You want to run 16-bit Windows-based applications on your Windows NT Workstation. Where do these applications run by default?

SelectionB:
In separate Virtual MS-DOS machines that share memory space.

Explanation:
In a single Virtual MS-DOS machine. 

Windows NT was specifically designed for the corporate environment, and intended for use on high-powered servers and workstations. Unlike the Windows 9x operating systems, it is not based on MS-DOS, but it can run MS-DOS programs through emulation of a virtual MS-DOS machine.


Question:
Which of following statement is true when you run a 16-bit MS windows based application in its own memory space? (Choose two.)

SelectionD:
It will not interfere with execution of other 16-bit windows based applications that running at same time.

Explanation:
It can be preemptively multitasked 
It will not interfere with execution of other 16-bit windows based applications that running at same time.


Question:
Mary went out for a coffee. How can she lock up her screen after 15 minutes?

SelectionA:
Setup screen saver with password for 15 minutes.

SelectionB:
Setup Scheduled Task on Programs -> Administrator Tools -> Scheduled Tasks

SelectionC:
Setup the policy of lock screen after 15 minutes in User Manager.

SelectionD:
No. Windows NT Workstation doesn't have this function. You must install Windows NT server instead.

Explanation:
Setup screen saver with password for 15 minutes.


Question:
Your computer's hard disk is configured with a single partition and uses NTFS.  You want to remove Windows NT Workstation from the computer and configure the computer to run MS-DOS 6.22.  What should you do?

SelectionA:
Use FDISK.EXE to delete all partitions on the hard disk. Install MS-DOS.

SelectionB:
Run SYS.COM. Delete all NT Workstation files from the hard disk.

SelectionD:
Use Convert.exe from NT WS to change the file system from NTFS to FAT.

Explanation:
Use FDISK.EXE to delete all partitions on the hard disk. Install MS-DOS.


Question:
You are training a coworker who is unfamiliar with using a mouse.  You decide to show him how to use some of the games that come with Windows NT Workstation so that he can become more comfortable using a mouse.  You choose Start, Programs, Accessories, but you find the Games option is not there.  What can you do so that the coworker can have the Games option?

SelectionA:
Use the Environment tab of the system properties dialog box in Control Panel to add an optional component.

SelectionB:
From a command prompt, type Windows NT.exe /games

SelectionC:
Use the ADD/REMOVE PROGRAMS tab in the NT Setup properties dialog box in Control Panel to add an optional component.

SelectionD:
Use The WINDOWS NT SETUP tab in the ADD /REMOVE Programs properties dialog box in Control panel to add an optional component.

Explanation:
Use The WINDOWS NT SETUP tab in the ADD /REMOVE Programs properties dialog box in Control panel to add an optional component.


Question:
Which of the following actions must you take to setup the default boot system in Windows NT Workstation 4.0?

SelectionB:
Control Panel -> Console -> Startup/Shutdown

SelectionC:
Control Panel -> Network -> Identification


Question:
Anna changed the display settings in her Windows NT Workstation. Which of the following display's incorrect settings may prevent Windows NT from loading? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Color Palette
Desktop Area
Refresh Frequency


Question:
You system does not have a network adapter installed. However you want to install TCP/IP protocols as well as the IP address to see if the network system is OK. How can you accomplish this?

SelectionA:
Choose generic adapter in networking adapter list.

SelectionC:
You can escape the procedure of install network adapter and install TCP/IP directly.

SelectionD:
No, it cannot be done without a real network adapter

Explanation:
Install MS Loopback adapter  

A loopback adapter is a connection device that is plugged into a computer's port in order to perform a loopback test. 
This is a diagnostic procedure in which a signal is transmitted and returned to the sending device after passing through all or a portion of a network or circuit. The returned signal is compared with the transmitted signal in order to evaluate the integrity of the equipment or transmission path.


Question:
What modules or programs can you use in Windows NT to display video adapter, settings and driver information for your display?  (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Windows NT Diagnostics
Display icon in Control panel.


Question:
Which of the following applet in the Control Panel can be used to update video driver?


Question:
You wish to install a PC Card (PCMCIA) device on your Windows NT Workstation computer.  Which program in Control Panel for Windows NT shows which PC Card devices are installed and how they are configured?


Question:
David bought a new modem, which of the following applets in the Control Panel should be used to configure the modem?


Question:
How can you change the domain of your Windows NT Workstation 4.0?

SelectionB:
Control Panel -> Network -> Identification

SelectionC:
Control Panel -> System -> Startup/Shutdown

Explanation:
Control Panel -> Network -> Identification


Question:
How can you install the TCP/IP protocol on your Windows NT Workstation computer?

SelectionA:
Control Panel -> configure tab in the PROTOCOLS dialog box, choose ADD.

SelectionB:
Control Panel -> NT Setup tab in the ADD/REMOVE programs dialog box, choose ADD.

SelectionC:
From the command prompt, type install /p=tcpip

SelectionD:
Control Panel -> protocols tab in the network dialog box, choose add.

Explanation:
Control Panel -> protocols tab in the network dialog box, choose add.


Question:
Which of the following statements are true regarding MS-DOS applications running on Windows NT?  (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
They can be configured to always start in a separate NTVDM by selecting the RUN in Separate Memory space check box on the   Short cut tab in the properties dialog box of the application's shortcut.

SelectionC:
They can be started with different priorities

SelectionD:
They cannot be terminated individually with Task Manager.

Explanation:
They can be preemptively multitasked.
They can be started with different priorities


Question:
How do you setup the priority of all the foreground applications to Maximum?

SelectionB:
Control Panel ->System -> Performance ->Boost

SelectionD:
Use task manager -> Process -> click process name with right mouse button

Explanation:
Control Panel ->System -> Performance ->Boost


Question:
You want to run MS-DOS-based applications on your Windows NT Workstation. Where do these applications run by default?

SelectionA:
In separate virtual MS-DOS machines that share memory space.

SelectionC:
Each MS-DOS based application runs in its own NT Virtual MS-DOS machine.

Explanation:
Each MS-DOS based application runs in its own NT Virtual MS-DOS machine.

Please note that there are two NTVDMs on Windows NT system: MS-DOS NTVDM and Win16 NTVDM. This is MS-DOS NTVDM


Question:
Which service must be installed on a Windows NT 4.0 server to allow Dialup network access to it?

Explanation:
Remote Access Service

The Remote Access Service ships with Windows NT 4.0 Server.

Dial-up networking or DUN is A component in Windows 9x that enables you to connect your computer to a network via a modem. If your computer is not connected to a LAN and you want to connect to the Internet, you need to configure Dial-Up Networking (DUN) to dial a Point of Presence (POP) and log into your Internet Service Provider (ISP). 

IPX/SPX and NetBEUI are network protocols, neither of which is necessary for remote access.


Question:
You try to boot from diskette and receive the following error message shown below. With which operating system was the disk formatted?

Explanation:
Windows 2000

NTLDR is a boot file used by Windows 2000 and Windows NT.


Question:
Which files must be present in the root directory of the system partition in order for Windows NT 4.0 to boot?

Explanation:
NTLDR
BOOT.INI
NT DETECT.COM

IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS and COMMAND.COM are associated with Windows9x.


Question:
What command creates an Emergency Repair Disk for Windows NT 4.0?

Explanation:
RDISK.EXE 

This task is done exclusively with the Backup utility in Windows 2000. 

In Windows 9x, the Emergency Recovery Utility (ERU.EXE) is available on the CD in the folder \Other\Misc\Eru. The ERU.EXE program backs up all critical system files, including AUTOEXEC.BAT, COMMAND.COM, CONFIG.SYS, IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, PROTOCOL.INI, SYSTEM.DAT, SYSTEM.INI, USER.DAT, and WIN.INI.

ERU.EXE also creates an MS-DOS real-mode file, called ERD.EXE, that you can use to restore from MS-DOS if the Windows system fails to start up.


Question:
A customer is running Windows NT and has 20GBs of unformatted hard disk space. The customer wants to format the 20GB drive, move the data from his 5GB drive and label the 20GB drive as drive B. What Windows NT applet can perform all these tasks for him?

Explanation:
Disk Administrator 

The Disk Administrator is part of the Administrator Tools. Use this tool to: 
- Create, format and delete partitions 
- Mark partition as active 
- Create, delete strip sets 
- Committing changes 
- Assigning drive letters 
- Secure the system partitions


Question:
You are currently running Windows 2000 Professional on your computer. It seems as if every week your system gets slower and slower.  What are two things you could do to improve performance?

SelectionA:
Using Disk Management Console Analyze and Defragment your hard disks.

SelectionB:
Use the Disk Cleanup utility to get rid of unused or temporary files.

SelectionC:
Run scandisk checking the disk for errors and fixing them when necessary.

SelectionD:
Using the Backup utility back up the entire system. Reformat the hard disk and restore from the backup.

Explanation:
Using Disk Management Console Analyze and Defragment your hard disks.
Use the Disk Cleanup utility to get rid of unused or temporary files.

A gradual decrease in performance usually indicates the disk is becoming full or fragmented or both. Scandisk utility is not included in Windows 2000 and it would not speed performance in any way if it were. Using the Backup utility to restore the same (fragmented and superfluous) files wouldn't help either.


Question:
You answer the phone at the Help Desk.  Patricia says that she is having some problems with programs starting up automatically when her computer starts. You think that she might be able to use MSCONFIG to find all the programs that are being started automatically but you aren't sure whether she is running Windows 98 or Windows 2000. (You remember that Windows 98 has this handy utility but Windows 2000 doesn't.)  So you ask her, "Which version of Windows are you running on your desktop, Patricia?"  She says, "How should I know?  You're the PC expert."  What do you say?

SelectionA:
"Click Start, then Run, type in WINVER in the dialogue box and press return. Read to me what it says."

SelectionB:
"Click Start, then Run, type in VERSION in the dialogue box and press return. Read to me what it says."

SelectionC:
"Click Start, then Programs, click Command Prompt, type WINVER and press return. Read to me what it says."

SelectionD:
"Click Start, then Programs, click Command Prompt, type VERSION and press return. Read to me what it says."

Explanation:
"Click Start, then Run, type in WINVER in the dialogue box and press return.  Read to me what it says."

Hopefully she can handle that.  Another way would be to look on the General tab of the System Properties.


Question:
When managing a Windows 2000 computer you can open a Microsoft Management Console by clicking Run then typing "mmc" (without the quotation marks). But you are then faced with an empty console.  What must you add before you can start to "manage"?

Explanation:
Snap-in

Microsoft Management Console (MMC) hosts administrative tools that you can use to administer computers, services, other system components and networks. You can add one or more of these administrative tools, called snap-ins, to the console by clicking on the Console menu, click Add/Remove Snap-in. If you save the Console it will be saved with a *.msc extension. 
ERD is an Emergency Recovery Disk
An applet can be found in the Control Panel
There is no such thing as a Pop-in.


Question:
Which of the following terms refer to a Windows NT Server and NOT to a Windows 2000 Server.

Explanation:
Primary Domain Controller and Backup Domain Controller refer to Windows NT Servers. 

In the Windows 2000 Domain model, Servers are either Domain Controllers (takes part in Active Directory replication) or they are Member Servers.  The other answers are bogus.


Question:
You have a new computer with no OS. You would like to triple boot MS-DOS, Windows 98 and Windows 2000 Professional.  Which operating system should you install first?

SelectionD:
There is not enough information provided to answer this question.

Explanation:
MS-DOS

You will be less likely to encounter problems installing a multiple-boot system with MS-DOS, Windows 95 or Windows 98, and Windows 2000 if you install these operating systems in the following order: MS-DOS, Windows 95 or Windows 98, and then Windows 2000.


Question:
You have a new computer with no operating system. You would like to triple boot Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows NT 4 Workstation. Which operating system should you install first?


Explanation:
Driver Signing

Windows 2000 drivers and operating system files have been digitally signed by Microsoft to ensure their quality.  A Microsoft digital signature is your assurance that a particular file has met a certain level of testing, and that the file has not been altered with or overwritten by another program's installation process. With Driver Signing you can select one of the following: 
-Ignore to allow all device drivers to be installed on this computer, regardless of whether they have a digital signature. 
-Warn to display a warning message when an installation program tries to install a driver without a digital signature. 
-Block to prevent an installation program from installing device drivers without a digital signature.


Question:
A client configured to use only NetBEUI (NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface) can ping a resource by its IP address, but not by its NetBIOS name.  What may be the cause?

SelectionA:
It is not correctly configured to access a WINS Server.

SelectionB:
It is not correctly configured to access a DNS Server.

SelectionC:
It is not correctly configured to access a DHCP Server.

Explanation:
It is not correctly configured to access a WINS Server.

WINS is a service which maps an  IP address to a NetBIOS name.


Question:
What is the term for the file encryption technology in Windows 2000?

Explanation:
EFS

The Encrypting File System (EFS) provides the core file encryption technology used to store encrypted files on NTFS file system volumes.  Once you encrypt a file or folder, you work with the encrypted file or folder just as you do with any other files and folders.  Encryption is transparent to the user that encrypted the file. This means that you do not have to decrypt the encrypted file before you can use it.  You can open and change the file as you normally do.  However, anyone else who tries to access your encrypted files or folders will be prevented from doing so. 

Dfs is the Distributed file system
WINS - Windows Internet Naming Server
EAP is Extensible Authentication Protocol


Question:
Which tool should be used to check a Windows 2000 PC’s current IP address?

Explanation:
IPCONFIG

In a Windows 9x environment the correct tool would have been WINIPCFG. In Windows 2000 and NT IPCONFIG can be used to check the current IP Address. Note that WINIPCFG uses a graphic user interface and can be run from using the RUN dialogue box in the Start menu and  IPCONFIG is run from the Command Prompt.


Question:
There is a new unified interface for managing the thousands of settings, services and devices in Windows 2000. Microsoft Management Console (MMC) hosts administrative tools that you can use to administer computers, services, other system components and networks. Just "snap in" the console to manage the element you are interested in managing. If you are viewing the current MMC and want to add a Snap-in to manage Disk Storage where would you click next?

Explanation:
Console 

Click Console then Add/Remove Snap-In.  As the question stated Microsoft Management Console (MMC) hosts administrative tools that you can use to administer computers, services, other system components and networks, all in one place.


Question:
In order to create a new-mirrored volume in Windows 2000 Server what type of partition must the disk have?

Explanation:
Dynamic

In order to create a new-mirrored volume in Windows 2000 Server, you must be using dynamic volumes.  It is not possible to create a new mirrored volume with Windows 2000 Professional.


Question:
Which files need to be reviewed to troubleshoot an error encountered during installation of Windows 2000? (Choose two)


Question:
Where can you check to see if hardware installed on your system is supported by the Windows 2000 Professional OS?


Question:
Computer Management is used to manage local or remote computers using a single, consolidated desktop tool. It combines several Windows 2000 administration utilities into a single console tree, providing easy access to a specific computer's administrative properties and tools. How can you open the computer management console? (Choose two.)

SelectionA:
Right click on the My Computer icon and choose "Manage this Computer" from the menu.

SelectionB:
Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Computer Management.

SelectionC:
Click Start, Run, then type COMPMAN and press enter.

SelectionD:
From Settings choose the Computer Management symbol.

Explanation:
Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Computer Management, OR right click on the my computer icon and choose "manage this computer" from the menu.


Question:
After you just installed a new video adapter your computer doesn't start. What should you use to repair this?

Explanation:
Recovery Console

If safe mode and other startup options do not work, you can consider using the Recovery Console; however, this method is recommended only if you are an advanced user or administrator who can use basic commands to identify and locate problem drivers and files. The Recovery Console is a command-line console that you can use after starting the computer with the Setup compact disc (CD) or with floppy disks you created from the CD.  

LKGC and Device Manager certainly will not work if you cannot access them. In the scenario above your computer does not even boot.

Setup Manager is used to make a script file used in unattended setups.


SelectionA:
Start the machine; when the list of available operating systems appears, press F8 to get to the Windows 2000 Advanced Options Menu.  Choose "Last Known Good Configuration."

Explanation:
Start the machine; when the list of available operating systems appears, press F8 to get to the Windows 2000 Advanced Options Menu.  Choose "Last Known Good Configuration."

Choosing Last Known Good Configuration provides a way to recover from problems such as a newly added driver that may be incorrect for your hardware.  It does not solve problems caused by corrupted or missing drivers or files.


Question:
The NTFS file system supports file compression. You have copied a compressed WinWord document from your hard disk to a 1.4-MB floppy disk. The size of the compressed file is 1.8 MB.  When you attempt to copy the file, you receive the following error message: "Destination drive is full".  What should you do?

SelectionA:
Use another program to compress the bitmap file before copying it to the floppy disk.

SelectionB:
Copy an empty compressed folder to the floppy. Then copy the file to the folder on the floppy.

SelectionC:
Only NTFS supports compression. Reformat the floppy with NTFS. Then copy the file to the floppy.

SelectionD:
Move, rather than copy, the compressed bitmap file to the floppy disk.

SelectionE:
Delete existing files on the floppy.  Then there will be sufficient room for the WinWord document.

SelectionF:
Floppy disks are prone to error. Throw that one away and get another.

Explanation:
Use another program (like Winzip) to compress the bitmap file before copying it to the floppy disk.

You cannot format a floppy with NTFS.  High Density floppies can store 1.44 MB of data, so deleting all data from the floppy wouldn't help.


Question:
You install an ISA sound card into your Windows 2000 Professional system. The card fails. You reboot and go into "Safe Mode".  What do you do?

SelectionB:
Run SFC.EXE (system file checker) to find the offending driver.

SelectionD:
Disable the ISA sound card driver using Computer Management.


Question:
An employee in your company has a disability that makes it difficult for him to use a keyboard.  You would like to be able to give him the ability to type by displaying a virtual keyboard and allowing him to use a mouse or joystick to type data.  Which accessibility option in Windows 2000 will allow you to enable this?

Explanation:
On-Screen Keyboard

On-Screen Keyboard is a utility that displays a virtual keyboard on your screen and allows users with mobility impairments to type data using a pointing device or joystick.  

MouseKeys enables you to use the numeric keypad to move the mouse pointer and to click, double-click, and drag.

FilterKeys instructs your keyboard to ignore brief or repeated keystrokes. You can also adjust the keyboard repeat rate, which is the rate at which a key repeats when you hold it down.

StickyKeys, located in Accessibility Options in Control Panel, provides access to the SHIFT, CTRL, ALT, or the Windows keys by pressing one key at a time.

There are no accessibility options labeled "Virtual Keyboard" or "Keyboard Synthesizer" in Windows 2000.


Question:
Which are some differences between Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 2000?  (Choose three.)

SelectionA:
Windows 2000 supports dynamic disks; Windows NT 4.0 does not.

SelectionB:
Windows 2000 supports file compression; Windows NT 4.0 does not.

SelectionC:
Windows 2000 supports FAT32 file system; Windows NT 4.0 does not.

SelectionD:
Windows 2000 supports disk mirroring; Windows NT 4.0 does not.

SelectionE:
Windows 2000 supports the NTFS file system; Windows NT 4.0 does not.

SelectionF:
Windows 2000 supports disk quotas; Windows NT 4.0 does not.

Explanation:
Windows 2000 supports dynamic disks;  Windows NT 4.0 does not.
Windows 2000 supports FAT32 file system;  Windows NT 4.0 does not.
Windows 2000 supports disk quotas;  Windows NT 4.0 does not.

The other answers are false because both Windows NT and 2000 support compression, disk mirroring, and the NTFS file system.


Question:
You are running Windows NT 4.0 on your computer. You have two SCSI controllers and two SCSI Hard drives and you want fault tolerance and want to access data even if any one of the items fail. What is the best method?

Explanation:
Disk Duplexing

Disk mirroring uses two hard disks and one controller.  Disk duplexing is the same thing but uses two hard disks and two controllers, and provides fault tolerance. Stripe Set with parity requires a minimum of three hard disks.  Striped volumes (Windows 2000) and Striped sets (Windows NT) are created by combining areas of free space on 2 or more disks. It does not provide fault tolerance. If a disk malfunctions data is lost. RAID 5 is the same as a Stripe Set with parity (Windows NT) or a Striped volume with parity (Windows 2000). In the question above  RAID 5 would have provided fault tolerance but it would not be possible because you only have 2 disks.


Question:
Although the recommended way to change registry settings is through the Control Panel, Windows 2000 has two tools for editing the registry. What are they?

Explanation:
REGEDIT and REGEDT32 are two tools provided to edit the registry of Windows 2000.

You should not edit your registry unless it is absolutely necessary. If there is an error in your registry, your computer may not function properly. If this happens, you can restore the registry to the same version you were using when you last successfully started your computer using the Advanced Startup Options (pressing F8 when the OS is loading) and choosing Last Known Good Configuration.


Question:
In Windows 2000 you have made a Group Policy to track access to a confidential group of files. What tool can be used in Windows 2000 to view the log created by your policy.

SelectionC:
Security Configuration and Analysis Snap-in

Explanation:
Event Viewer

You can use Event Viewer to view and manage the event logs, gather information about hardware and software problems and monitor Windows 2000 security events.


Explanation:
Windows NT

Windows 2000 is basically the upgrade of Windows NT. It is "built on NT Technology" (that is what the splash screen says).  It was called NT 5 before it got its present name.


Question:
Windows 2000 is closer in structure to Windows 98 than to Windows 95.  Windows 98, like 2000, uses WDM drivers while Windows 95 uses VXD drivers. Windows 98 could also use the VXD drivers. Before upgrading to Windows 2000 where could you look in Windows 98 to see if it was loading VXD drivers? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
BOOTLOG.TXT
SYSTEM.INI

Before you look in the Bootlog.txt you would reboot and in Advanced Startup Options (F8) choose Boot Logging.


SelectionB:
Use a loopback adapter plug on the 10 Mb adapter;  no action needs to be taken on the 100 Mb adapter.

Explanation:
Use Device Manager to disable the 10 Mb adapter.

Disabling a device prevents the device drivers from loading during startup. The physical device may still be present in your computer.


Question:
You would like to personalize the way your new Windows 2000 Professional computer looks when it starts up. On which of the following tabs or radio buttons would you click to do the following: 
1- Associate a third party text editor with files ending with the text extension  (.txt).
2- Display an Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) document on your desktop computer screen when you logon?  (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Enable Web Content on my desktop
File Types

To associate a different program with an existing file type open Folder Options in Control Panel. Click the File Types tab. Click the file type that you want to change. Click Advanced.  If necessary, modify the description of the file type, and click Change Icon to change the icon for the file type. Click New to add a new command to the list in Actions. 

Before attempting to add Web content, such as an HTML document to your desktop, make sure the "Enable Web content on my desktop" option is selected in the Folder Options dialogue box.


Question:
With your Windows 2000 Server computer you install a Beta version of the latest firewall software. Now you keep getting a BOD (Blue Screen of Death) message about a certain VxD driver that is making your system unstable.  First you uninstall the software using Control Panel - Add/Remove Software.  But the misbehaving driver is still there. Some uninstall programs are less thorough than others. You realize of course that Windows 2000 uses WDM drivers and want to find the culprit. You search in the appropriate folders but don't see the file extensions.  In Control Panel - Folder Options - View Tab what option should you change to see the extensions?

SelectionA:
Hide file extensions of known file types

SelectionE:
Display compressed files folders with alternate color

Explanation:
Hide file extensions of known file types 

If you want to see all file name extensions, clear the Hide file extensions for known file types check box.


Explanation:
It is not correctly configured to access a DNS Server.

DNS is a service which maps an IP address to a FQDN.


Question:
On your network you need to adjust the appearance and behavior of Windows 2000 to enhance accessibility for some hearing-impaired  users.  You wish to do so without requiring the use of additional hardware or software.  You configure some settings under Accessibility Options in Control Panel.  You would like to provide visual cues, such as informative icons or text, for events that are normally only indicated by a sound and also to display visual warnings when the computer's speaker makes a sound.  Which two options would you use to enable this?

Explanation:
ShowSounds
SoundSentry

SoundSentry provides visual warnings for system sounds. ShowSounds instructs programs to display captions for program speech and sounds.


Question:
On your network you need to adjust the appearance and behavior of Windows 2000 to enhance accessibility for some vision-impaired, hearing-impaired, and mobility-impaired users.  You wish to do so without requiring the use of additional hardware or software.  A user has a problem that she can only press one key at a time.  What option do you enable for her?

Explanation:
StickyKeys

StickyKeys, located in Accessibility Options in Control Panel, provides access to the SHIFT, CTRL, ALT, or the Windows keys by pressing one key at a time.

SoundSentry provides visual warnings for system sounds. ShowSounds instructs programs to display captions for program speech and sounds. High Contrast improves screen contrast with alternative colors and font sizes. Magnifier enlarges a portion of the screen for easier viewing. Narrator uses text-to-speech technology to read the contents of the screen aloud.  This is useful for people who are blind or who have low vision.


SelectionA:
NWLink Microsoft's implementation of Novell's IPX/SPX

Explanation:
NWLink is Microsoft's implementation of the protocol IPX/SPX.

NetWare's default protocol is IPX/SPX.
NDS - Novell Directory Service isn't a protocol.
Active Directory - Microsoft's Directory Service was first implemented in Windows 2000, and is not a protocol.
NetBEUI NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface is a non-routable protocol for small Microsoft based networks.


Question:
Your computer is configured to dual-boot between Windows ME and Windows NT Workstation 4.0. Which file can you edit to troubleshoot the dual boot process?

Explanation:
BOOT.INI

The BOOT.INI file is located in the system root directory, mostly C:.  It contains the ARC path and tells NTLDR on which disk the Operating System resides. 

Config.sys contains environment variables for MS-DOS, Windows 3.x and Windows 9x.  Autoexec.nt is used with config.nt in Windows NT and 2000 for compatibility with legacy programs.  Wiinnt.exe is used to install Windows NT and 2000.  Multi.bat doesn't exist.  Win.ini contains configurations and settings for Windows 3.x and Windows 9x.


Question:
You are working on your Windows 2000 Server and want to access a MSAccess database file that you were working on last week. You try to start it by navigating through Start Menu - Programs - Accessories where you put the link to Access, but you see the menu below.  Where did your link go?

SelectionA:
Access was de-installed by a Group Policy that was linked to your group.

SelectionB:
Windows 2000 by default uses Personalized menus which hide lesser used links.

SelectionC:
You must log on as Administrator to access MS Office programs.

SelectionD:
You must change the file association under Folder Options - File Type for the *.mdb file to use Access.

Explanation:
Windows 2000 by default uses Personalized menus which hide lesser used links.


Question:
How is a shortcut created in Windows 2000? (Choose two)

SelectionA:
Right click on folder, choose create shortcut

Explanation:
Right click on folder, choose create shortcut 
Drag to desktop

These are two ways to create a shortcut in Windows 2000.


Question:
Where can you change network identification in Windows 2000?

Explanation:
System properties. 

This can be done by right clicking the My Computer icon and choosing properties.


Question:
Which of the following operating systems are upgradable to Windows 2000 Professional? (choose two)

Explanation:
WINDOWS 9x 
WINDOWS NT 4.0 

Among the choices listed Windows 2000 Professional upgrades are supported only for Windows 9x and Windows NT4.0.

Note that while Windows NT 3.51 can be upgraded, Windows NT 3.5 cannot be upgraded to Windows 2000 Professional.


Question:
In Windows 2000 where should you go to join a group or domain?

Explanation:
System Properties. 

This can be reached by right clicking "My Computer" and choosing "Properties".


Question:
You are running Windows 2000 on your system. Under the START > RUN what command could you type to bring you to a Command Prompt?

Explanation:
CMD  

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination Objectives include Windows 2000
- Computer Management
- BOOT.INI
- REGEDT32
- REGEDIT
- RUN CMD
- NTLDR
- NTDETECT.COM
- NTBOOTDD.SYS


Question:
Once a computer is infected with a virus, where does it generally reside?

Explanation:
Memory  

It is important to learn about viruses and how they are commonly spread. You can unwittingly bring viruses into the network by loading a program from a source such as the Internet, online bulletin board or even email attachments. Learn the common signs of viruses: unusual messages that appear on your screen, decreased system performance, missing data and the inability to access your hard drive. If you notice any of these problems with your computer, run your virus-detection software immediately to minimize the chances of losing data. Programs on floppy disks may also contain viruses. Scan all floppy disks before copying or opening files on them, or booting from them. Have at least one commercial virus-detection program and use it regularly to check your computers for viruses. Be sure to obtain the latest virus signature files for your program when they are available, because new viruses are created every day.


Explanation:
ROM BIOS   

All of the others can contain viruses.


Question:
What is the recommended way to fix the Registry description for the printer driver?

SelectionA:
Remove the Printer Driver and reinstall it.

SelectionB:
Run REGEDIT.EXE and delete any references to printers.

SelectionC:
Run SYSEDIT.EXE and remove any references to printers.

SelectionD:
Delete the printers folder from C:/WINDOWS/SPOOL.

Explanation:
Remove the Printer Driver and reinstall it.


Question:
Windows 98 boots into Safe Mode and a box is displayed saying " Windows Failed to initialize the display adapter". How would you correct this problem?

SelectionB:
Ensure that standard windows colors are selected.

Explanation:
Change the display refresh rate.   

To change the refresh frequency for your monitor, open Display in Control Panel, on the Settings tab click Advanced. On the Monitor tab in the Refresh Frequency list, click a new refresh rate. 

The default refresh frequency setting is 60 Hertz, although your monitor may support a high setting. Check your manufacturer's documentation for information regarding the settings your monitor supports. A higher refresh frequency reduces any flicker on your screen, but choosing a setting that is too high for your monitor can make your display unusable and cause damage to your hardware.


Question:
One of the functions of most viruses is:

Explanation:
Creating copies of itself.  

Viruses can be harmless pranks or cause much damage (i.e. unusual messages that appear on your screen, decreased system performance, missing data, and inability to access your hard drive.) One thing that can be said about almost any virus is that they spread.


Question:
If your DOS application does NOT run correctly in Windows 98, what is the first thing you should try to do to make it run correctly?

SelectionB:
Increase the amount of RAM used by the application.

SelectionC:
Set the application to run in Full Screen mode.


Question:
Your Windows 98 system stalls before you see the Starting Windows 98 message.  This is most likely caused by which missing or corrupt file?

Explanation:
IO.SYS

Generally, you should get an error message if either Win.com or himem.sys are missing. Windows does not need autoexec.bat or config.sys to boot.


Question:
Why would you run System Monitor in Windows 98?

SelectionA:
To view the use of printers on the network.

SelectionD:
To set all Windows 98 performance settings back to default.

Explanation:
To identify significant bottlenecks.  

The System Monitor provides real-time reports about how various system processes are performing. It displays functions in either a line graph, a bar graph, or a numeric graph. To run System Monitor, go to the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories, System Tools, and System Monitor. By default, the System Monitor shows only the Kernel Process Usage setting (the percentage of time the processor is busy).


Question:
In Windows 98 which condition can prevent an application from starting or loading?

SelectionA:
COMMAND.COM is not loaded in the applications directory.

SelectionB:
The executable file for the application is not located in the root directory.

SelectionC:
There is not enough memory in the HMA area to load the application.

SelectionD:
The executable file for the application has been corrupted.

Explanation:
The executable file for the application has been corrupted.


SelectionC:
Only NTFS supports compression. Reformat the floppy with NTFS, and then copy the file to the floppy.

Explanation:
Use another program (like Winzip) to compress the bitmap file before copying it to the floppy disk.

You cannot format a floppy with NTFS.  High Density floppies can store 1.44 MB of data, so deleting all data from the floppy would not help.


Question:
What program can be used to monitor the performance of various Windows 98 components?

Explanation:
System Monitor 

The System Monitor's real-time graphs provide a snapshot of key performance statistics. You can watch your system adjust its memory, CPU and other settings in real time, which is great for optimizing or troubleshooting a PC.

You will find System Monitor under Start, Programs, Accessories, System Tools. If you don't see it there, install it from the Add/Remove Programs applet in Control Panel. Simply select the Windows Setup tab and click System Tools.


Question:
A customer calls and states that yesterday his Windows 95 system worked fine.  Now he gets the message "Missing operating system."  What is the most likely cause?

SelectionF:
A non-bootable floppy has been left in the floppy drive.

Explanation:
The Boot Record is corrupted.

The following are a listing of the different causes of "Missing Operating System":
-Missing or corrupted Command.com or other boot files. 
-Computer Virus 
-Boot Record is corrupted. 
-Hard drive has failed or has been erased. 

If you are receiving the "Missing Operating System" error message it is recommended that you follow the steps below  to resolve the issue:
- Using a write protected bootable diskette, boot from the diskette and type "sys c:" after pressing enter this should give you the message system transferred. Once this has been completed reboot the computer.


Question:
Your Windows 98 system stops operating properly and cannot be restarted.  Which of the following may be a cause?








0

Explanation:
Virtual memory is disabled.  

Virtual Memory options can be found at the bottom of the System Performance window.


Question:
Which of the following is NOT examined by ScanDisk?

Explanation:
RAM  

MS-DOS, Windows 3.x, and Windows 95 and 98 contain versions of the ScanDisk program. ScanDisk performs a battery of tests on a hard disk, including looking for invalid file names, invalid file dates and times, bad sectors, and invalid compression structures. In the file system, ScanDisk looks for lost clusters, invalid clusters, and cross-linked clusters. Regular use of ScanDisk can help prevent problems as well as resolve them.


Question:
Your DOS application fills the screen, but you want to switch to another application.  What should you do?


Question:
The window of some programs written for older versions of Windows cover the Taskbar in Windows 98.  In order to display the Taskbar and open the Start Menu, press the ______keys.


Question:
From which control panel in Windows 98 can you create a Startup disk?

Explanation:
Add/Remove Programs  

This will create a bootable floppy disk. This is also called an emergency startup disk, and you can create one at any time, on any Windows 9x computer, by selecting the Startup Disk tab of the Add/Remove icon found in the Control Panel.


Question:
What happens when a hard drive is fragmented?

SelectionD:
Files are not stored in consecutive clusters.

Explanation:
Files are not stored in consecutive clusters.  

The elimination of fragmentation improves the speed of the hard disk drive dramatically. Running a program to eliminate fragmentation is called defragmenting a drive. MS-DOS installations include a defragmentation program called DEFRAG. Windows 9x includes a defragmentation program that can be accessed from the Start menu > select Programs, then select Accessories, and finally select System Tools.


Question:
The Windows 95 system boots but the display is not readable.  Which mode should you use to troubleshoot the problem?

Explanation:
Safe Mode  

Safe mode will load a standard VGA adapter. From safe mode you can change display settings.


Question:
While booting Windows 98 you receive the message "Missing or Corrupt HIMEM.SYS.'  What does this mean?

SelectionD:
HIMEM.SYS is not referenced correctly in AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Explanation:
HIMEM.SYS is missing or corrupt.   

HIMEM is an extended-memory manager--a program that coordinates the use of your computer's extended memory, including the high memory area (HMA), so that no two programs or device drivers use the same memory at the same time. Windows 98 needs Himem.sys to start Windows.


Question:
To boot directly to Safe Mode in Windows 95, press the _______key when Starting Windows 95:

Explanation:
F5   

F8 allows you to chose from several boot options. F5 goes right to safe mode.


Question:
When booting the error message "Current drive is no longer valid" appears.  One possible reason is:

SelectionA:
The Boot Disk does not contain CONFIG.SYS.

SelectionB:
The AUTOEXEC.BAT command attempted to access a drive that is not valid.

SelectionC:
The CONFIG.SYS command line attempted to access a drive that is not valid.

SelectionD:
The Boot Disk does not contain AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Explanation:
The AUTOEXEC.BAT command attempted to access a drive that is not valid.   

For instance, if you had a line in the autoexec.bat telling the system to look for the DOS CD-ROM driver MSCDEX on drive D. 

d:\dos\mscdex.exe /e:mscd001 /l:e /m:10

But you recently moved drive D in another computer. Drive D would not be found and the error message,  "Current drive is no longer valid" would be returned.


Question:
A Windows 95 system gives the message "Missing WIN.COM," and you cannot get a command prompt. What should you do?

Explanation:
Reinstall Windows 95.   

This could be disputed, but the generally accepted way to repair this would be to reinstall Windows 95. If Windows 95 is installed in the same directory as the old Windows 95 it will preserve user settings.


Question:
Which function key do you use to access the Startup menu in Windows 98 during boot?


Question:
Which device drivers are loaded if your Windows 98 system is booted in Safe Mode?

SelectionE:
Keyboard, Network Connection, Standard VGA

Explanation:
Mouse, Keyboard, Standard VGA   

In safe mode, Windows uses only basic files and drivers (mouse, monitor, keyboard, mass storage, base video, default system services), but no network connections.


Explanation:
Fragmented files  

This is done by the Windows defragmentation utility.


Question:
Which application reorganizes files on a disk in order to optimize disk drive performance?

Explanation:
DEFRAG 

Volumes can become highly fragmented when large numbers of files or folders are deleted.

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination may include the following command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax)
- SCANDISK
- DEFRAG


Question:
Cross-linked files are files, which erroneously claim the same cluster. Only one file can have the cluster, which means that fixing the problem will result in some data loss, but recovering one file is better than losing both. What DOS program "fixes" cross-linked files?

Explanation:
SCANDISK

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination may include the following command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax):
- DIR
- ATTRIB
- VER
- MEM
- SCANDISK
- DEFRAG


Question:
You are installing Windows 98 and it crashes or hangs during the hardware detection phase. What is a good way to figure out what happened?

Explanation:
Look at detlog.txt.

A+ Operating System Technologies Examination may include the following:
- Windows 9x Plug and Play and Windows 2000
- Identify the procedures for installing and launching typical Windows and non-Windows applications.


Question:
You have several application running on your Windows 98 machine and the one you are currently working on freezes up. What do you do?

SelectionB:
Click "ignore" and work on the other applications.

SelectionC:
CTRL-ALT-DELETE once, select the offending program, click "End Task".

SelectionD:
CTRL-ALT-DELETE twice, Control Panel, Programs, select End

Explanation:
CTRL-ALT-DELETE once, select the offending program, click "End Task".

Note: In Windows 2000 CTRL-ALT-DELETE will allow you to enter Task Manager from which you can end a non-responding process.


Question:
You are having problems with your PC, and you want to start it in "Safe Mode", so that just the minimum configuration needed to run Windows 98 loads. How can you do this? Choose two.

SelectionF:
Boot to DOS and type-  Win.com /min at the command prompt

Explanation:
F8, select "Safe Mode"
F5

When you see the message  operating system loading, press F8. Use the arrow keys to highlight the appropriate safe mode option, and then press ENTER. 

In safe mode, Windows uses only basic files and drivers (mouse, monitor, keyboard, mass storage, base video, default system services) but no network connections.


Question:
If you delete a file from the Windows 98 desktop, how can you get it back?

SelectionB:
Run undelete from a Windows 95 command line.

Explanation:
Look in the Recycle Bin.

The Recycle Bin provides a safety net when deleting files or folders in Windows. When you delete any of these items from your hard disk, Windows places it in the Recycle Bin and the Recycle Bin icon changes from empty to full. Items deleted from a floppy disk or a network drive are permanently deleted and are not sent to the Recycle Bin.

Items in the Recycle Bin remain there until you decide to permanently delete them from your computer. These items still take up hard disk space and can be undeleted or restored back to their original location. When it fills up, Windows automatically cleans out enough space in the Recycle Bin to accommodate the most recently deleted files and folders.


Question:
Your customer is running a DOS application in Windows 98.  Suddenly the application stops running and Windows 98 also stops functioning.  How can the customer recover from this with minimal data loss?

SelectionA:
<CTRL><ESC> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.

SelectionB:
<CTRL><ALT><ESC> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.

SelectionC:
<SHIFT><ALT><> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.

SelectionD:
<CTRL><ALT> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.

SelectionE:
<CTRL><ALT GR> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.

SelectionF:
<CTRL><ALT> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.

Explanation:
<CTRL><ALT> keys and select the application from the Close Program dialog box.


Question:
Your Windows 95 system will not boot but you are able to boot to DOS. You have determined that the Registry is corrupted. What is the easiest way to restore the Registry?

SelectionA:
Copy SYSTEM.DAO to SYSTEM.DAT, and copy USER.DAO to USER.DAT.

SelectionD:
Replace SYSTEM.INI and WIN.INI with backup copies.

SelectionE:
Copy USER.DAO to USER.DAT, and copy SYSTEM.DAO to SYSTEM.DAT.

Explanation:
Copy SYSTEM.DAO to SYSTEM.DAT, and copy USER.DAO to USER.DAT.

SYSTEM.DAO, and  USER.DAO are the registry backup files. If they too are "corrupt" you may end up reinstalling Windows 95.  A startup disk, SYSTEM.INI and WIN.INI cannot fix the registry. Recovery Console is a repair option in Windows 2000.


Question:
If you do not shut down Windows properly it can cause lost clusters. How are lost clusters recovered?

Explanation:
Run SCANDISK.

ScanDisk performs a battery of tests on a hard disk, including looking for invalid file names, invalid file dates and times, bad sectors, and invalid compression structures. In the file system, ScanDisk looks for lost clusters, invalid clusters, and cross-linked clusters. Regular use of ScanDisk can help prevent problems as well as resolve them. Windows 9x computers will automatically run ScanDisk any time the operating system is improperly shut down.


Question:
A client calls you and states that the taskbar is missing from Windows 98. You check to see if it has not simply been hidden, but that is not the problem. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

SelectionB:
The registry is corrupt and must be restored from the backup.

SelectionC:
WIN.INI has been modified by a newly-installed application.

SelectionD:
SYSTEM.INI has been damaged by a newly installed application.

Explanation:
The registry is corrupt and must be restored from the backup. 

When you start Windows, the taskbar may be missing or not displayed correctly. This issue can occur if the registry has been damaged. You can restore the registry from a backup or use Registry Editor to delete the following registry key: 

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\StuckRects 

When you restart Windows, the taskbar is automatically recreated. 

You should back up the registry before you edit it. If you are running Windows NT or Windows 2000, you should also update your Emergency Repair Disk (ERD).


Question:
A customer tries to log in to an Internet service provider and is repeatedly prompted to enter her username and password. Which of the following are possible causes? (Choose two)

SelectionE:
She is using an incorrect username and password combination.

Explanation:
Her account is no longer active. 
She is using an incorrect username and password combination. 

If either the modem was not functioning or TCP/IP was not installed there would be no connection and she would not even get to the authentication dialogue box of her ISP. 

IPX/SPX and NetBEUI are not necessary for an internet connection.


Question:
A Windows 98 computer is having display-related problems. You need to adjust the graphics hardware acceleration so that you can troubleshoot the problem. From which location can you do this?

SelectionA:
Control Panel, System, Performance, Graphics

SelectionB:
Control Panel, System, Display Settings, Graphics.

SelectionC:
Control Panel, System, Device Manager, Properties, Graphics.

SelectionD:
Control Panel, System, Hardware Profiles, Display Settings, Graphics

Explanation:
Control Panel, System, Performance, Graphics 

Two other options on the Performance tab are File System and Virtual Memory. You might have been tempted to choose display Settings but graphics hardware acceleration is found under Control Panel, System, Performance, Graphics.


Explanation:
c:\path

This statement is found in autoexec.bat.


Question:
Which GUI text editors can be used to edit the WIN.INI and AUTOEXEC.BAT? (Choose two)

Explanation:
NOTEPAD 
SYSEDIT

REGEDIT is the utility to display the hierarchical database which makes up the registry for Windows. There is no text editor in Windows named SYSPAD.


Question:
Where does Windows 98 store hardware, application, and software settings?

Explanation:
Registry

This is the purpose of the Registry. The registry is made up of reg.dat and system.dat


Question:
Windows NT4.0 what is the correct utility to prepare an emergency repair disk?

Explanation:
RDISK 

Note that RDISK is no longer used in Windows 2000. An Emergency Repair Disk in Windows 2000 is made using the Backup utility.


Question:
How can you remove temporary internet files? (choose 3)

SelectionC:
From properties of Internet Options in Control Panel

SelectionE:
From Internet Options of Internet explorer

SelectionF:
Temporary internet files are automatically deleted when a connection ends.

Explanation:
Using Disk Cleanup Wizard 
From properties of Internet Options in Control Panel 
From Internet Options of Internet explorer 

You can also adjust the size of the cache, choose a starting page for browsing and determine how long your browsing history should be saved.


Question:
After trying to run a DOS application you get the message "This program can not be run on Windows". What do you do?

SelectionA:
Restart the application in MS-DOS command prompt.

SelectionB:
Buy a Windows version of the application

SelectionD:
Set advanced properties "Do not allow application to recognize windows"

Explanation:
Restart the application in MS-DOS command prompt. 

Some DOS Applications don't run in the Windows environment, even from the MS-DOS Prompt. In this case you'd have to restart the computer in the DOS mode and run the application from there.


SelectionC:
Backs up only files that have increased in size since last full backup.

SelectionD:
Backs up all files that have the archived Attribute turned on.

Explanation:
Backs up all files that have the archived Attribute turned on. 

An Incremental Backup will back up all of the files with the archive bit turned on, then if turns off the archive bit. A differential backup will not alter the archive bit. 

The size of the file is irrelevant.


Question:
What type of file is the Windows 9x registry?

Explanation:
Hierarchical database. 

The  Windows 9x registry is a Hierarchical database made up of system.dat and reg.dat.


Question:
What two devices does Scandisk check and fix?

Explanation:
Hard drives 
Floppy drives

CD ROM's DVDs are read only. Tape drives and ZIP drives are checked by Scandisk.


Question:
A custom application is conflicting with another application. What can you do to fix the problem temporarily on a Windows NT system?

SelectionD:
Run the application in a protected memory space.

Explanation:
Run the application in a protected memory space. 

NT can create a VM (Virtual Machine) to control the action of the software. 

MSCONFIG is only used for Windows 9x. 

REGEDT32 will not solve the problem.


Question:
What is the correct order of bootup procedures?

Explanation:
POST, BIOS, boot sector, GUI

This is the correct order of booting. The POST (power on self test) is run, BIOS loads hardware information, the boot sector is processed and lastly the Operating System (GUI or graphical user interface) is loaded.)


Question:
You just got a Windows NT stop error (full blue screen). How can you print an error message that was generated?

Explanation:
Reboot and check the system log. 

The error message will be recorded and the log can be printed.


Question:
If you delete a file, it goes to recycle bin and if you delete from recycle bin, what happens with the file?

SelectionB:
Sector in the Hard Drive is erased or wiped out

SelectionC:
The file is being moved by the computer to temporary

SelectionD:
The associated file being remove from the drive

Explanation:
Entry to FAT is removed.

The entry has its first character overwritten, this can be resolved with a third party un-delete programs. The file itself is still there unless it has been written over by another file or by defragmenting.


Question:
Which key strokes switch a user between simultaneously running applications in Windows?


Question:
You got an Internet connection up and running on your computer. You replace a modem with another one. For some reason your dial-up is not working. What do you do?

SelectionB:
Configure the new modem to work with Dial-up networking.

SelectionC:
In Properties of Dial-Up connection, select "New Modem" from the list

Explanation:
In Properties of Dial-Up connection, select "New Modem" from the list 

Go To Dial-up Networking and select "make new connection." from here you can select the new modem. 

No properties for Dial-up connection.  

Internet connection wizard is used to make the connection.


Question:
Which one is the easiest migration that you can from one OS to another?

Explanation:
From Windows 95 to Windows 98 

Its the easiest because the 2 Operating Systems are virtually identical and can be performed with a simple upgrade CD, without having to change file systems and formatting the hard drive.


Question:
How do you disconnect or connect the network printer in Windows 9x? (Choose two.)

Explanation:
Start/Settings/printers 
My computer/printers 

These are the two ways disconnect or connect the network printer (or any other printer) in Windows 9x.


Question:
You repeatedly get a message in Windows 9x which says: "kernel32.dll-corrupted'. What do you do to solve this problem?

Explanation:
Delete win386.swp and reboot 

The Kernel32.dll error may appear if your Windows swap file is corrupted. To create a new swap file, restart the computer in MS-DOS mode, delete the Win386.swp file in the Windows folder, and then restart the computer. To create a new swap file first shut down. On the Start menu, click Shut Down. In the Shut Down Windows dialog box, click Restart in MS-DOS Mode, and then click OK.

At the MS-DOS prompt, change to the Windows folder by typing the following command 
cd <drive>:\Windows 
where <drive> is the drive letter that contains the Windows folder. Typically, this is drive C.

To delete the swap file, type the following:
del Win386.swp 
After you delete the swap file, restart the computer.


Question:
What file is responsible for dual boot in Windows 9x?

Explanation:
MSDOS.SYS

The following entry must be found under Options for Windows 9x to dual boot.

[Options]
BootMulti=1


Question:
What two utilities are safest for editing the Windows 98 registry? (choose 2)

Explanation:
Device Manager 
Control Panel 

The question asked specifically for the "safest" way of editing the registry. The recommended way to change registry settings is through Device Manager and Control Panel. 

Both of these utilities edit system configuration via the GUI and are the safest, unlike the Regedit command which can disable your machine.


Question:
Running Windows 98, you notice that the Device Manager does not list the CD-ROM drive's properties. The drive appears to be running flawlessly. What could be the problem?

SelectionE:
A 16 bit (Safe Mode) driver is specified in the WIN.INI.

Explanation:
Real mode driver in CONFIG.SYS 

16 bit applications cannot access the Registry - therefore the device's properties are not display in Device Manager.


Question:
Converting a disk partition to FAT 32 with Drive Converter provides which of the following advantages over FAT16? (choose three)

Explanation:
Programs load faster. 
Fewer resources required. 
Increase storage efficiencies

One of the main features of FAT32 over FAT16 is more intelligent disk use. If you were to write files to a FAT16 drive and the information overflowed into a neighboring sector, the rest of that sector is wasted. FAT 32 uses smaller sectors so less space is then wasted. You would need more space to store the same amount of data than if you were to use FAT32.

FAT does NOT provide greater security, and it does not make drive mappings more reliable.


Question:
You transfer some files from NTFS volume to another FAT32 volume. Which will remain unchanged? (Choose three)

Explanation:
long file names 
file attributes 
file contents

Compression, Encryption, and Permissions are all features available to you by using NTFS. These features were not available to FAT32.


Question:
You have several computer connected to Internet through dial-up. Which operating system allows you to share the connection with other computers? (choose 2)

Explanation:
Windows 98 SE
Windows 2000

This feature is called ICS or Internet Connection Sharing.


Question:
How can you start the Defrag utility on Windows 9x? (choose two)

SelectionA:
Control Panel, System, Performance, Defragmentation

SelectionB:
Start, Programs, Accessories, System tools

SelectionD:
Right click on the drive, Properties, Tools

Explanation:
Start, Programs, Accessories, System tools 
Right click on the drive, Properties, Tools 

These are the two places to start the defragmentation utility.


Question:
In Windows 98 what files can be viewed and edited with the System Configuration Editor?

Explanation:
win.ini 
system.ini 
config.sys

Sysedit opens and Autoexec.bat, Config.sys, Win.ini, System.ini and Protocol.ini


Question:
In Windows NT 4.0 you load a new device. Upon rebooting your computer will not boot to your GUI. How do you correct this?

SelectionB:
Format the hard drive, reboot the computer

SelectionC:
Press F5 during boot process to choose Safe mode. Delete the driver in safe mode

Explanation:
Choose Last Known Good Configuration. 

This will load the registry that was saved after the last logon.


Question:
Which protocol is needed for Internet access?

Explanation:
TCP/IP 

Sometimes called the "internet  protocol" the other protocols are found in the TCP/IP stack.


Question:
Which of the following are required files on the system partition of a Windows NT 4.0 system? (choose 3)

Explanation:
NTLDR  
BOOT.INI 
NTDETECT.COM 

These files are necessary for Windows NT and 2000 to boot.


Question:
On a NT boot disk, which of the following files are required? (Choose 3)

Explanation:
NTDETECT.COM 
BOOT.INI 
NTLDR 

These files are necessary for Windows NT and 2000 to boot.


Question:
What does ATTRIB.EXE allow? (Choose two)

SelectionD:
attribution of file types to unknown files

SelectionE:
changes in the attributes of Windows programs

Explanation:
modification in file attributes
modification in folder attributes


Question:
What files are necessary to boot Windows 9x to at least a DOS prompt? (choose three)


Question:
After installing a program on your Windows 2000 computer you receive the following error:

"Files that are required for Windows to run properly have been replaced by unrecognized versions. To maintain system stability Windows must restore the original versions of these files." What feature of Windows 2000 causes this notification to appear?

Explanation:
Windows file protection. 

Earlier versions of the Windows operating system do not prevent shared system files from being overwritten by program installations. After these changes are made, the user often experiences unpredictable performance results, ranging from program errors to an unstable operating system. This problem affects several types of files, most commonly dynamic link libraries files (.dll) and program files (.exe).

Windows 2000 includes a new feature called WFP that prevents the replacement of certain monitored system files. By replacing certain monitored system files, file version mismatches can be avoided.


Question:
Which backup method is quickest and requires the least amount of backup storage space?

Explanation:
Incremental 

Incremental will backup only files have changed since the last incremental backup.

Differential backs up all of the data that has changed since the last Full Backup, regardless of whether or not another differential backup was performed prior.


Question:
Which of these volumes supported by Windows 2000 Server? (Choose three.)

Explanation:
Raid-5 
Spanned 
Mirrored 

Why not Basic? The term "volume" applies only to dynamic disk which are only supported under NT technology. Spanned, stripped, mirrored, simple and RAID 5 are all volumes. A basic disk uses partitions and is not considered a volume.


Question:
What two GUI paths can be taken to rename a shared network printer (from within Windows 9x)? (choose two)

Explanation:
My Computer, Printers. 
Start, Settings, Printers. 

These are two GUI paths to renaming a shared network printer.


Question:
Which of the following file systems are supported by Windows 2000? (choose three)

Explanation:
NTFS 
CDFS 
FAT32 

NTFS is the preferred file system for Windows 2000 but FAT32 supported for compatibility.

CDFS is the CD file system for the CD-ROM.


Question:
What is the proper command to install the Windows 2000 Recovery Console as a start up option if the CD ROM is Drive E?

Explanation:
E:\i386\WINNT32.EXE/CMDCONS 

The Recovery Console looks and acts a lot like DOS. It is very limited (for security reasons) what you can do. For instance you can copy files from a floppy to the HDD but not the other way around. It is strictly for repairs.


Question:
Which command produced the following output?

Explanation:
Ipconfig

Ipconfig displays Windows IP configuration settings for Windows NT and 2000.

Winipcfg is a GUI interface for displaying the same information in Windows 9x. 
The utility MSD.EXE (Microsoft Diagnostics) is a diagnostic tool that can determine which hardware options are installed on a computer system without the need for you to remove the case. It is not shipped with every version of Wndows.
Ifconfig is like Ipconfig except it is used on UNIX machines.


